Strength and deformation

The principles of strength of materials are applied to the design of structures to assure that the elements of the structures will operate reliably under a known set of loads. Thus the field encompasses both the calculation of the strength and deformation of members and the measurement of the mechanical properties of engineering materials. 

Gulaev, V. M. The Strength and Deformation Properties of Vitreous Silica , Glass Ceramics, 30 No. 6, 279 (1973)... 

Tarnopolsky YuM, Skudra AM (1966) Structural strength and deformability of glass reinforced plastics. Zinatne, Riga... 

Their poor viscosities and, consequently, low molecular weight characteristics make the synthesis of products with favourable strength and deformation properties problematic. 

Tang, J., Tling, M.A., and Zeng, Y. 1996. Compression strength and deformation of gellan gels formed with mono- and divalent cations. Carbohydrate Polymers 29 11-16. 

The existence of tie molecules and/or tie fibrils was initially demonstrated by Keith and Padden (19, 20) via electron microscopy. The relationship of these morphological structures to the mechanical strength and deformation behavior of polymers has been demonstrated by Peterlin (21) and by Becht, DeVries, and Kausch (22). Fracture during low strain rate tensile failure can be expected to occur along a path of mini-... 

Kono, H. O., Jordan, B, Ohtake, T. Duane, H, S. (1998) Formation and Measurement of the porosities, tensile strengths, and deformation coefficient of gasification filter cakes at operating temperatures and pressures. Aerosol Science and Technology v 29 p 236-245... 

Recently, a modified small punch testing (MSP) method has been developed for mechanical evaluation of ceramic and ceramic/metal composite materials used in FGMs [5]. In the present study, the MSP method was applied to evaluate TiC-based ceramics, which are employed as ceramic-side materials in a TiC/Ni3Al FGM. Because the TiC/Ni3Al FGMs apparently show different damage behavior at temperatures from 1208 to 1373 K, the fracture strength and deformation of TiC-based ceramics were measured at these two critical temperatures. The differences in the behaviors of different TiC sintered bodies and their... 

In the ternary A1 - Ti - Cr system a large compositional region has been established experimentally, in which the eutectic transformation of a melt into two solid phases is realized L <=> Ll2 + p. This transformation is univariant and occurs in a narrow temperature interval [29], The alloys formed by two cubic phases Ll2 and P possess a more attractive combination of strength and deformation before fracture (see Fig.5) than alloys, in which the decomposition of the P-phase produces the less symmetric intermetallic compounds AlCr2 or TiAlCr. 

The formation of a periodic microstructuie due to eutectic crystallization allows significant enhancement of the strength and deformation before fracture as compared to single-phase material. In this case, high values of the modulus of elasticity are obtained, micro-plastic deformation in bending tests appears, and the eutectic character of alloys ensures their high casting properties. 

The centrical force transmission is obtained by gluing sections of the same adherend thickness onto the adherends in the force transmission area. The adherend extension will be eliminated by a larger adherend thickness (5 mm instead of 1.6 mm) and a reduced overlap length. Due to the homogeneous stress distribution, the respective test results are thus based on defined shear stress conditions. Adhesive layer values, to a large extent independent of the adherend, such as shear modulus, shear strength and deformation behavior, are available as a basis for precise calculations. 

Drying of RubCon samples does not have a significant influence on its strength and deformation parameters due to a very small quantity of the adsorbed moisture (water saturation is 0.045%). 

Experimentally obtained temperature coefficients of strength and deformation characteristics of the material will allow design of load-bearing and protecting structures in an operational temperatures range. 

The analysis of structural diagrams shows that at creep in aggressive environments, the extent of a viscous phase in the composite structure is increased due to penetration of the environment into the material pores and its influence on the structure and rheological properties of RubCon. The increase of a viscous phase results in a decrease in strength and deformation characteristics of RubCon. 

Source Reprinted from I. Surovtsev, Yu. Potapov, Yu. Borisov, and V. Selyaev, Strength and Deformability of Reinforced Concrete Bending Constructions Strengthened by Polymeric Composites, J. Scientific Israel Technological Advantages 8, nos. 1—2 (2006) 107—116. With permission. 

Major applications of unsintered polytetrafluoroethylene are as tape in thread sealing and wrapping electrical cables, and as rod and tape in packings. Important properties of PTFE like chemical resistance, broad service temperature, low friction, flexibility, high machine direction strength, and deformability in the cross direction make unsintered fine powder PTFE ideal for these applications. 

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