Streams macrophytes

Newman, R.M., W.C. Kerfoot Z. Hanscom, III. 1990. Watercress and amphipods potential chemical defense in a spring stream macrophyte. J. Chem. Ecol. 16 245-259. 

This major input of DOM from macrophytes is not restricted to lakes, but is also realized in other aquatic ecosystems. DOM export from watersheds in lotic ecosystems is directly related to annual runoff, but significantly greater in swamp-draining streams compared with upland-draining streams (Mulholland and Kuenzler, 1979 see Chapter 2 and 6). In the Hudson Estuary, planktonic bacterial production is 3 to 6 times greater than primary production (Findlay et al., 1992). DOC derived from submerged aquatic plants in part supports the difference in bacterial carbon uptake and planktonic primary production. 

The autotrophic microphytes in the soil and aquatic forest systems, and the aquatic macrophytes in the ponds, rivers and streams provide the habitat and food resource for many phytophagous organisms. 

Oxidation of As(III) to As(V) by microorganisms using oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor has been reported in laboratory cultures (Osborne and Ehrlich, 1976 Phillips and Taylor, 1976). This process has also been observed in natural settings. Wilkie and Hering (1996) found that As(III) from geothermal sources entering a stream was rapidly oxidized to As(V) by bacterial colonies associated with macrophytes. 

BCEPD. 1996. Part C, Section 4.1 and 4.2, Lake, River/Stream biological samples, 4.1.5 macrophytes, 4.2. British Columbia Field Sampling Manual For for Continuous Monitoring Plus the Collection of Air, Air-Emission, Water, Wastewater, Soil, Sediment, and Biological Samples, 1996 ed. Laboratory and Systems Management, Environmental Protection Department, Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks, Province of British Columbia, B.C., Canada, pp. 104-109,122-126, 146. 

The estimated primary production (in terms of C content) for various aquatic ecosystems is shown in Table 3.3. Freshwater primary production, in lakes and streams, amounts to a little over 1% of total aquatic primary production. Phytoplankton account for c.95% of marine primary production, which totals c.40GtCyr-1, whereas coastal ecosystems make relatively minor contributions. Important macrophytes in intertidal zones include Rhizophora in mangrove swamps, turtle grass... 

Hering, D., Johnson, R.K., Kramm, S., Schmutz, S., Szoszkiewicz, K. and Verdonschot, P.F.M. (2006) Assessment of European streams with diatoms, macrophytes, macroinvertebrates and fish a comparativemetric-based analysis of organism response to stress. Freshwater Biology, 51, pp. 1757-1785. 

Mechanism unknown Fe or Fe-S protein, e acceptor for detoxification of As(III), energy yield not clear Microorganisms associated with submerged macrophytes thermal stream, Hot Creek, CA, pH 8.3 in situ rates 0.3 87... 

Caldwell, E.F., Duff, M.C., Ferguson, C.E. et al. (2012). Bio-monitoring for uranium using stream-side terrestrial plants and macrophytes, J. Environ. Monit. 14, 968-976. 

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