Stratigraphy modeling

Geologic maps constitute a familiar class of models. To map a sedimentary section, a geologist collects data at certain outcrops. He casts his observations in terms of the local stratigraphy, which is itself a model that simplifies reality by allowing groups of sediments to be lumped together into formations. He then interpolates among his data points (and projects beneath them) to infer positions for formation contacts, faults, and so on across his field area. 

Haskin L. A., Korotev R. L., Gillis J. J., and Jolliff B. L. (2002) Stratigraphies of Apollo and Luna highland landing sites and provenances of materials from the perspective of basin impact ejecta modelling. In Lunar Planet. Sci. XXXIII, 1364. The Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston (CD-ROM). 

Watts, N.L., 1987. Theoretical aspects of cap-rock and fault seals for single- and two-phase hydrocarbon columns. Marine and Petroleum Geology, Vol. 4, November 1987, pp. 274-307 Weber, K.J., 1982. Influence of common sedimentary structures on fluid flow in reservoir models. Journal of Petroleum Technology, March 1982, pp. 665-672 Weber, K.J., 1987. Hydrocarbon distribution patterns in Nigerian growth fault structures controlled by structural style and stratigraphy. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 1, pp. 91-104... 

Wilson, J. F., Nesbitt, R. W. Fanning, C. M. 1995. Zircon geochronology of Archaean felsic sequences in the Zimbabwe craton a revision of greenstone stratigraphy and a model for crustal growth. In Coward, M. P. Ries, A. C. (eds) Early Precambrian Processes. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 95, 109-126. 

A model was built using the best estimates of the variables including volumetries, stratigraphy, leak window area, hydrocarbon and aquifer properties. By producing hydrocarbons, the pressure in one block was depleted at the measured rate while the depletion profiles of the non-producing block were monitored. The least known parameter, the transmissibility of the faults, was varied until a history match was achieved between the modelled and observed depletion profiles. Comparison for different faults showed that faults with small displacements had to be modelled with higher transmissibilities than faults with large displacements. 

Mpller, N.K. and van der Wel, D. 1997. High resolution sequence stratigraphy as a basis for 3D reservoir modelling a case study... 

In cases where detailed stratigraphies are unknown, or difficult to model, such as the Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous, both of which contain potential reservoir sandstones, it is still possible to gain a good approximation of fault seal probability using... 

B. (1998) Combining sequence stratigraphy, geostatistical simulations, and production data for modeling a fluvial reservoir in the Chaunoy Field (Triassic, France). Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists 82, 545-568. 

Carew, J.L. Mylroie, J.E. (1995) Depositional model and stratigraphy for the Quaternary geology of the Bahamas islands. In Curran, H.A. White B. (Eds) Terrestrial and Shallow Marine Geology of the Bahamas and Bermuda. Special Publication 300. Boulder, CO Geological Society of America, pp. 5-32. 

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