STEP investigation

Organ et al. from York University demonstrated that a diarylated IH-pyrazole-based library, based on the structure of the potent COX II inhibitor Celecoxib [4-(3-trifluoromethyl-5-(4-methylphenyl)-lH-pyrazol-l-yl)benzenesulfonamide], could be rapidly prepared using MAOS [59]. Microwave-accelerated Suzuki reaction on 4-(5-iodo-3-methyl-lH-pyrazol-l-yl)-benzenesulfonamide using heterogeneous Pd/C was the principal diversification step investigated (Scheme 41). The interest of the team in microwave... 

Considerably more acid had to be added to the reaction mixture however In order to obtain second-step reactions as compared to first-step reactions. Operating procedures and methods of obtaining hydrocarbon samples for analysis were essentially Identical to those used In the first-step investigation. Yields and research octane numbers (RON) were calculated based on the analysis of the hydrocarbon product as reported earlier (2). 

Armstrong, F.A. (2004) Electrochemical potential-step investigations of the aerobic interconversions of [NiFeJ-hydrogenase from Allochromatium vinosum insights into the puzzling difference between unready and ready oxidized inactive states. Journal cf the American Chemical Society, 126, 14899-14909. 

In this case it was found that 7 6 [35,36], i.e. the reaction occurs essentially via the valence band. In addition, an ideal slope of 60 mV/decade was found with p-GaAs at anodic polarization [37]. From this result it must be concluded that only one hole is involved in the rate-determining step. Investigations with the electrodes with, in one experiment the Ga (111) face and in a second experiment the As (1 iT) face contacting the electrolyte, yielded no difference in dissolution rate [35]. This result is an indication that the dissolution occurs mainly at steps as illustrated for GaP in Fig. 8.10. The influence of steps is discussed in detail by Morrison in his book [39], On the other hand, the flatband potential and the onset potential of the photocurrent do depend on the crystal faces. The difference in flatband potential is in the order of about 0.1 V [39]. Accordingly, the Helmholtz layer is somewhat different for the two surfaces. 

The second step investigated the presence and relative amount of compostable plastics in the outpnts from the pretreatment stage (Figure 15.5), for example ... 

Figure 1 gives a simplified version of the cycle. The thick arrows denote the steps investigated by Ochoa and his group. Included also are the connections with other metabolic routes later investigated in his laboratory. 

The situation was analysed by the STEP investigation method (Sequentially Timed Events Plotting, see Hendrick Benner, 1987). The STEP diagram is shown in Figure 1. 

Potential failure effeet This step investigates the effect the failure will have on other entities or proeesses. 

Starting from simple consideiations about the basic objectives of mixing, with reference to recent results for rubber-filler morphology, attention was paid to fundamenlal aspects of this processing step. Investigations into the kinetic aspects of carbon black dispersion in robber and the relationships that could be demonstrated between bound robber and flow properties showed that these were important criteria in rmderstanding the complexity of robber mixing. 22 refs. EUROPEAN COMMUNITY EUROPEAN UNION FRANCE WESTERN EUROPE... 

Castoldi, D., Caggiano, L., Panigada, L., Sharon, O., Costa, A.M., and Gennari, C. (2006) A formal total synthesis of eleutherobin using the ring-closing metathesis (RCM) reaction of a densely functionalized diene as the key step investigation of the unusual kinetically controlled RCM stereochemistry. Chem. Ear. J., 12, 51-62. 

Pujol G, Ansart F, Bonino J-P, Malie A, Hamadi S. Step-by-step investigation of degradation mechanisms induced by CMAS attack on YSZ materials for TBC applications. Surface and Coatings Technology. 2013 237 71-78. 

The parallels between the reactions of firefly luciferin, as presently understood, and those of the acridan are striking, as the comparison below shows. Note that the oxidation to form the peroxide does not take place in one step. Investigation [37] has shown that electron transfer and recombination within the solvent cage, very similar to other carbanion oxidations, gives the appearance of a one step reaction. 

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