Methane, steam

Nickel catalysts are also used for steam methane reforming. Moreover, nickel catalysts containing potassium to inhibit coke formation from feedstocks such as LPG and naphtha have received wide appHcation. 

Refinery hydrogen requirement is met either by direct manufacture or indirect by-product recovery. Manufacture is typically by steam methane... 

Hydrogen Liquefaction. Hydrogen can be produced from caustic—chlorine electrolytic cells, by decomposition of ammonia or methanol, or by steam—methane reforming. Hydrogen recovered by these methods must be further purified prior to Hquefaction. This is generally achieved by utilizing pressure swing adsorption methods whereby impurities are adsorbed on a soHd adsorbent. 

Lozza, G. and Chie.sa, P. (2001), Natural gas decarboni.sation to reduce COi emi.ssion from combined cycle—Part II steam-methane reforming, ASME J. Engng Gas Turbines Power 124(1), 89-95. 

However, many reactions of commercial interest have chemistry, mechanical, or system requirements that preclude the use of cross-flow reactors. Processes cannot use a cross-flow orientation primarily because of high temperatures and the need to internally recuperate heat such as steam methane reforming (SMR) [12, 13] and oxidation reactions [14]. Counter- and coflow devices require a micromanifold to dehver sufficiently uniform flow to each of the many parallel channels. 

Pretreated NG feedstock is mixed with steam (2.6 MPa), the resulting mixture is preheated to 500°C and introduced to the catalytic reforming reactor. In the reforming reactor, the steam-methane mixture is passed through externally heated reformer tubes filled with Ni catalyst, where it is converted to CO and H2 at 850-900°C according to the following equation ... 

Steam Methane Reforming Using Alternative Energy Sources... 

Steam Methane Reforming with Nuclear Heat Input... 

Hydrogen Production by Steam Methane Reforming with C02 Sequestration... 

Steam methane reforming with PSA for hydrogen production. 

Ding, Y. and E. Alpay, Adsorption-enhanced steam methane reforming, Chem. Eng. Sci., 55, 3929-3940,2000b. 

The analysis showed, with various "value adders" (e.g., oxygen sales and carbon-emission-offset credits), the cost of wind-source gaseous hydrogen delivered by pipelines from production point to distant markets (about 200-1000 mi.) at an untaxed wholesale energy unit cost will be competitive with market prices (in 2005) of gasoline and hydrogen fuel made from natural gas by steam methane reforms (SMRs). 

SMR—steam methane reformer ATR—auto thermal reformer POX—partial oxidation PSA—pressure swing adsorption... 

SMART H2 [Steam Methane Advanced Reformer Technology] A process for making hydrogen by the steam reforming of methane. It differs from similar systems in housing the catalyst within a proprietary heat exchanger. Developed by Mannesmann KTI in 1996 it was planned for installation in Salisbury, MD, in late 1997. 

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