Biomass thermochemical conversion

Diebold J.PThermochemical Conversion of biomass to gasoline, DOE s 11th Biomass Thermochemical Conversion Contractors Meeting, Richland, WA, Sept. 1980 http //www.lib.kth.se/Sammanfattningar/zanzi010607.pdf Klass D. L and Emert G.E., Fuels from Biomass and Wastes, Ann Arbor Science, 1981. 

Stevens, D. J. (1994). Review and Analysis of the 1980-1989 Biomass Thermochemical Conversion Program," NREL/TP-421-7501. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, September. 

Coffman,). A. (1981). In Proceedings of the 13th Biomass Thermochemical Conversion Contractor s Meeting, p. 274, CONF-8110115, PNL-SA-10093. Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Richland, WA. 

A great number of papers have been and continue to be published in the field of biomass thermochemical conversion. They are related to ... 

Fluidized bed application is fairly popular in biomass thermochemical conversions. The one of reason is due to the high efficient heat and mass transfers between particles and gases in the reactor. The initial and essential step of biomass thermochemical conversions such as combustion and gasification in a fluidized bed is pyrolysis. Directly experimental study on the pyrolytic process is limited. Numerical simulation can be an effective way for understanding of the first step of biomass combustion and gasification in applications. 

A geographical distribution of current biomass thermochemical conversion projects sponsored by the Biomass Energy Systems Branch is shown in Figure 5. 

The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief overview of the biomass thermochemical conversion activities of the Biomass Energy Systems Branch. Detailed papers on each of the projects mentioned in this overview were presented at the 3rd Annual Biomass Energy Systems Conference held in Golden, Colorado, June 4-7, 1979. Copies of the proceedings of this conference will be available from The National Technical Information Service (NTIS) as SERI/ TP-33-285, beginning approximately November 1, 1979... 

Elliott, D. C. 6th Biomass Thermochemical Conversion Contractors Meeting Jan 1979 Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratory Richland, Wash. 1979 DOE Fuels from Biomass Program Report. 

Science Applications. Inc., "Biomass Based Methanol Processes", Presented at the Seventh Biomass Thermochemical Conversion Contractors Meeting, Roanoke. Va., April 24-25, 1979. 

The data in this paper are drawn from a number of studies performed at Pacific Northwest Laboratory (3,7-9). We have examined biomass pyrolysis tar samples from many types of pyrolytic gasification and liquefaction systems through the U.S. Department of Energy support of domestic biomass thermochemical conversion research and international cooperative efforts. Many of these can be compared directly as a function of temperature since they are all produced at short residence time, approximately one second. Others produced at longer residence time or pressure require discussion separately. 

Elliott, D. C. In Fundamentals of Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Overend, R. P., Milne, T. A., and Mudge, L. K., Eds. Elsevier Applied Science Publishers London, 1985 Chapter 55. Dlebold, J. P. Scahill, J. "Progress in the Entrained Flow Pyrolysis of Biomass, presented at the 12th Biomass Thermochemical Conversion Contractors Meeting, Washington, D.C., March 1981. SERI/PR-622-1151, Solar Energy Research Institute ... 

Knight, J. A., Gorton, C. W. Kovac, R. J. In Proceedings of the 16th Biomass Thermochemical Conversion Contractors Meeting, CONF-8405157, National Technical Information Service Springfield, VA, 1984, pp. 287-297. 

Mudge, L. K. Baker, E. G. Brown, M. D. and Wilcox, W. A. In Proc. of the 1985 Biomass Thermochemical Conversion Contractor s Meeting, CONF-8510167, National Technical Information Service Springfield, VA, 1986, pp. 235-256. 

Wilhem, D.J. Kam, A.Y. Proc. 12 Biomass Thermochemical Conversion Contractors Mtg.. 1981, Washington, Paper T. 

The identification and extraction of valuable chemicals from wood-derived oils is a very important goal for the biomass thermochemical conversion industry (lz2). Pyrolysis oils have been extensively studied and extensive number of compounds have been identified (3-4). However to our knowledge there are only two general methods which have been reported for the fractionation of pyrolysis oils... 

The authors acknowledge the dedicated efforts of W. F. Riemath and G. G. Neuenschwander of PNL who assisted in reactor operation and product analysis. The work was funded by the Biomass Thermochemical Conversion Program office at PNL under the direction of G. F. Schiefelbein, D. J. Stevens, and M. A. Gerber. We would also like to acknowledge the support of S. Friedrich of the Biofuels and Municipal Waste Technology Division of the U. S. Department of Energy. 

As biomaterials are structurally and chemically complex, biomass thermochemical conversion processes (1,2) produce complex fractions including a liquid fraction which, dep>ending on the process, can be obtained in large (liquefaction, pyrolysis) or small yields (gasification). These liquids have found little utility because of their large contents in oxygen which implies low heat values, instability and corrosive prop>erties. Two routes have been tested (3,4) in order to produce hydrocarbons from these liquids. The first one involves hydrotreatment with either H2 or H2 + CO over classical hydrotreatment catalysts. The second route is the simultaneous dehydration and decarboxylation over HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst in the absence of any reducing gas. 

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