Stealth® liposomes

Allen, T. M. (1989). Stealth liposomes Avoiding reticuloendothelial uptake, in Liposomes in the Therapy of Infectious Diseases and Cancer (G. Lopez-Berestein and I. J. Fidler, eds.), Alan R. 

The advantageous effects of liposomal carrier systems include protection of compounds from metabolism or degradation, as well as enhanced cellular uptake. Liposome-mediated delivery of cytotoxic drugs to cells in culture has resulted in improved potency [58,59]. Prolonged release of encapsulated cargo has also been demonstrated [60,61]. More recently, liposomes with extended circulation half-lives and dose-independent pharmacokinetics (Stealth liposomes) [62] have shown promise in delivery of drugs that are normally very rapidly degraded. 

Symon Z, Peyser A, Tzemach D, et al. Selective delivery of doxorubicin to patients with breast carcinoma metastases by Stealth liposomes. Cancer 1999 86 72-78. 

Lasic DD, Martin FJ, eds. Stealth Liposomes. Boca Raton, Florida CRC Press, 1995. 

Gregoriadis G. Fate of liposomes in vivo and its control a historical perspective. In Lasic DD, Martin F, eds. Stealth Liposomes. Boca Raton, FL CRC Press, 1995 7. 

Moreira IN, et al. Use of the post-insertion technique to insert peptide ligands into pre-formed stealth liposomes with retention of binding activity and cytotoxicity. Pharmaceut Res 2002 19 265. 

Zhu G, Oto E, Vaage J, et al. The effect of vincristine-polyanion complexes in STEALTH liposomes on pharmacokinetics, toxicity and anti tumor activity. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1996 39 138. 

Colbern GT, Dykes DJ, Engbers C, et al. Encapsulation of the topoisomerase I inhibitor GL147211C in pegylated (STEALTH) liposomes pharmacokinetics and antitumor activity in HT29 colon tumor xenografts. Clin Cancer Res 1998 4 3077. 

Allen TM, Mehra T, Hansen C, et al. Stealth liposomes an improved sustained release system for 1-P-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine. Cancer Res 1992 52 2431. 

Nag A, Mitra G, Ghosh P. A colorimetric estimation of polyethyleneglycol-con-jugated phospholipid in stealth liposomes. Anal Biochem 1997 250 35. 

Figure 1.1. Schematic representation of four major liposome types. Conventional liposomes are either neutral or negatively charged. Stealth liposomes are sterically stabilized and carry a polymer coating to obtain a prolonged circulation time in the body. Immunoliposomes are antibody targeted liposomes and can consist of either conventional or sterically stabilized liposomes. Positive charge on cationic liposomes can be created in various ways. Reproduced from reference [112] with permission.

Immordino ML, Dosio F et al (2006) Stealth liposomes Review of the basic science, rationale, and clinical applications, existing and potential. Int J Nanomedicine 1(3) 297-315... 

Budai M, Chapela P et al (2009) Physicochemical characterization of stealth liposomes encapsulating an organophosphate hydrolyzing enzyme. J of Liposome Research 19(2) 163-168... 

Yuan, E, M. Lennig, S.K. Huang, D.A. Berk, D. Papahadjopoulos, and R.K. Jain, Microvascular permeability and interstitial penetration of sterically stabilized (stealth) liposomes in a human tumor xenograft. Cancer Res, 1994.54(13) 3352-6. 

Stealth liposomes (HSPC Drug delivery system for Examined in cardiovascular safety No adverse findings seen... 

MPEG-DSPE cholesterol— stealth liposomal pharmacology study, single- (transient effects in... 

Stealth liposomes Liposomal infusion reaction (hypoactivity, flushing, diarrhea, emesis, and decreased blood pressure seen following intravenous infusion in dogs) Transient effect (resolved within 1-2 hr). Biological significance is not apparent but the finding has been related to histamine release due to the infusion of a large amount of lipid 27... 

Cattel L, Cerutti M, Dosio F. From conventional to stealth liposomes a new frontier in cancer chemotherapy. Tumori 2003 89 237. 

Working PK, Dayan AD. Pharmacological-toxicological expert report Caelyx (Stealth liposomal doxorubicin HCL). Hum Exp Tox 1996 15 752. 

These are known by their registered tradename, Stealth liposomes (see Lasic 1993, p. 284). As discussed by Lasic, the stealth effect is the result of a steric layer surrounding the liposome, and these liposomes are also known as sterically stabilized liposomes. We discuss steric stabilization in Chapter 13. 

Wu, N. M., D. Da, T. L. Rudoll, D. Needham, A. R. Whorton, and M. W. Dehirst. 1993. Increased microvascular permeability contributes to preferential accumulation of stealth liposomes in tumor fDSaioieer Res. 

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