Static bioassay

Gillespie et al. [17] have pointed out that static bioassays for DDT and others toxins give relatively imprecise data and suggest improvements in methodology to overcome this. 

LC50 (24-h static bioassay) for brown trout yearlings 400 mg/L (Woodiwiss and Fretwell, 1974). Acute oral LD50 for mice 107 mg/kg, quail 186 mg/kg, rats 124 mg/kg (quoted, RTECS, 1985). 

LC50 (60-min static bioassay) for brown trout yearlings 12 mg/L (Woodiwiss and Fretwell, 1974). 

LC50 (96-h, static bioassay) for bluegill sunfish 15 mg/L (quoted, Verschueren, 1983). 

LC50 (96-h semi-static bioassay) for Tigriopus brevicornis females 59.9 pg/L (Forget et al.,... 

LC50 (96-h static bioassay) for rainbow trout 14 mg/L, fathead minnows 12 mg/L, channel catfish 23 mg/L, bluegill sunfish 2 mg/L (quoted, Verschueren, 1983), Japanese medaka Oryzias latipes) 37.7 mg/L (Holcombe et al, 1995). 

LC50 (96-h static bioassay) for fathead minnows 93 mg/L (Mattson et al., 1976). 

LC50 static bioassay values for fathead minnows in Lake Superior water maintained at 18 to 22 °C after 1 and 24 to 96 h were 1,550 and 1.033 mg/L, respectively (Mattson et al., 1976). 

LC50 (96-h static bioassay) for sand shrimp 4 pg/L, hermit crab 45 pg/L, grass shrimp 15 pg/L (Eisler, 1969), Pteronarcyscalifomica0.10 pg/L (Sanders and Cope, 1968). 

LC50 (96-h) for bluegill sunfish 220 mg/L (Spehar et al., 1982), fathead minnows 193 mg/L (flow-through), 310 mg/L (static bioassay) (Alexander et al., 1978), Cyprinodon variegatus 220 ppm using natural seawater (ffeitmuller et al., 1981). 

EC50 (48-h static bioassay) fov Daphniapulexl,OQQ pg/L (Passino-Reader et ah, 1997). Uses Organic synthesis gasoline component. 

Table 7.7a Acute Toxicity Static Bioassays on Extractants and Modifiers (7X 96hr)...

Table 7.7b (7X ,96hr) Acute Toxicity Static Bioassays on Diluents ...

RODENT ACUTE TOXICITY ALGAL BIOASSAY STATIC BIOASSAY SOIL MICROCOSM... 

Acute static bioassays are employed to evaluate sample effects on fish and microinvertebrates. Fathead minnows and Daphnia pulex are the freshwater species employed, while sheepshead minnows and grass shrimp are used for marine assays. In all cases, the test organisms are exposed for 96 hours to prescribed concentrations of the sample introduced into holding tanks maintained at the same environmental conditions as a control population. 

Effects on Aquatic Organisms (Refs 31 44). An LD50 of 3.6mg/J2 was found in 96-hr static bioassay tests of RDX on bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) at pH 6 and 35mg/G water hardness, and represents the lowest LC50 found for any aquatic species. The chronic and acute levels are very close in aquatic organisms. Thus, the lowest observable chronic effect, decreased length of fathead minnow (Pimphales promelas) fry,occurred at 3.0mg/6 of RDX this effect was not seen at 1.2mg/fi. RDX shows extremely little bioconcn... 

Dutka, B. (1989b) Daphnia magna 48 hours static bioassay method for acute toxicity in environmental samples, in B. Dutka (ed.), Methods for Toxicological Analysis of Waters, Wastewaters and Sediments, National Water Research Institute, Environment Canada, Burlington, Ontario, pp. 55-59. 

TLm values obtained for secondary alcohol-based surfactants are also found to obey the known general rules. Macek and Krzeminski(14a) also reported a similar conclusion on acute effects of APE, PAE and SAE to bluegill sunfish by their static bioassays. 

Pyrene has a moderate to high tendency to bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms from water, sediment, and food. The median threshold limit for Mosquito fish is 0.0026 mg 1 per 96 h in a static bioassay. 

Table 9.4. 48-hour TLm values of pesticides from static bioassay for various types of fresh-water organisms [27]... 

TOXICITY LC50 (bluegill Lepomis macrochirus) 1700 p.g/L/96-hr in a static bioassay LC50 (mysid shrimp Mysidopsis bahia) 970pg/L/96-hr in a static bioassay LC50 (sheepshead minnow Cyprinodon variegatus) 2230 pg/L/96-hr in a static bioassay... 

TOXICITY larvae of eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica) LC50, 48 hr 1 mg/L, initial cone., static test (after 48 hr, only about 30% of original cone, was still present) bluegill sunfish Lepomis macrochims), LC50 29,300 mg/L/96-hr static bioassay mysid shrimp (Mysidopsis bahia), LC50 24,400 mg/L/96-hr static bioassay sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus), LCso. 17,900 mg/L/96-hr static bioassay moderate acute and chronic toxicity to aquatic life... 

TOXICITY Fish Lepomis macrochirus static bioassay in fresh water 23 °C, mild aeration applied after 24 hr, best fit 96 hr LC50 is 220 ppm Menidia beryllina static bioassay in synthetic seawater at 23 °C, mild aeration applied after 24 hr, best fit 96 hr LC50 is 250 ppm... 

TOXICITY Fish fathead minnows Pimephales promelas) 96 hr TLm 0.1-0.01 mg/L (static bioassay)... 

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