Starting design

Upon starting design for an industrial enclosure, expected use should he described by informing and questioning the building owner and future users. 

Do determine who is to carry out which design task before you start design. 

As a guide, in. (19 mm) is a good trial diameter with which to start design calculations. 

Example 7.4A. This time, let s revisit Example 7.4 (p. 7-8), which is a system with dead time. We would like to know how to start designing a PI controller. The closed-loop characteristic equation with a proportional controller is (again assuming the time unit is in min)... 

No degree of sophistication in the control system (be it adaptive control, Kalman filters, expert systems, etc.) will work if you do not know how your process works. Many people have tried to use complex controllers to overcome ignorance about the process fundamentals, and they have failed Learn how the process works before you start designing its control system. 

The results of the examples above show that adding lags (poles) to the transfer function moves the Nyquist plot clockwise around the origin in the G plane. Adding leads (zeros) moves it counterclockwise. We will return to this generalization in the next chapter when we start designing controllers that shift these curves in the desired way. 

When we start designing EMI filters, we will find that safety issues, thermal issues, and even loop stability concerns are intricately linked to the central issue of EMI. In particular, we must look closely at the aspect of safety, because even though we can attempt to sell equipment that doesn t function satisfactorily, product safety is a legal requirement without which we just cannot sell. So particularly in an off-line application, where the voltages are high enough to cause injury, safety becomes a major concern, even if we are just designing its EMI filter. 

However, as already shown above by several examples, this is far from the case. More specifically If Boeing starts designing airplanes without involving their vast practical experience and know-how, my flying days will come to an end ... 

This system plant and equipment manufacturer did not start designing, purchasing materials or production until the customer order had officially been b-sued. He was able to order, produce parts, and naturally assemble them to 100% per customer order. 

Students are introduced to synthetic chemistry and retrosynthetic analysis early in the book (Chapters 6 and 7, respectively), so they can start designing multistep syntheses early in the course. Nine special sections on synthesis design, each with a different focus, are introduced at appropriate intervals. There is a new tutorial on synthesis and retrosynthetic analysis that includes some examples of complicated multistep syntheses from the literature. 

Almost instant activation fast start designs can provide useful power in hundredths of a second. 

This closed nuclear fuel cycle strategy drove the development of a semicommercial SFR BN-350 model. While the BN-350 was under construction, the USSR started designing a larger BN-600 in parallel. Many of the lessons learned from the BN-350 demonstration project were used in the commercial design of the BN-600 (Fig. 12.1). 

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