Technology standards, uniform

National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The NIST is the source of many of the standards used in chemical and physical analyses in the United States and throughout the world. The standards prepared and distributed by the NIST are used to caUbrate measurement systems and to provide a central basis for uniformity and accuracy of measurement. At present, over 1200 Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) are available and are described by the NIST (15). Included are many steels, nonferrous alloys, high purity metals, primary standards for use in volumetric analysis, microchemical standards, clinical laboratory standards, biological material certified for trace elements, environmental standards, trace element standards, ion-activity standards (for pH and ion-selective electrodes), freezing and melting point standards, colorimetry standards, optical standards, radioactivity standards, particle-size standards, and density standards. Certificates are issued with the standard reference materials showing values for the parameters that have been determined. 

A major tac tic that was adopted in the Clean Water Act was to estabhsh uniform technology standards, by class of pollutant and specific industiy type, which applied nationwide to aU dischargers. Thus, a kraft mill in Oregon would have to meet essentially the same discharge standards as a kraft mill in New York. In establishing these... 

Daily preventive work in the field of safety is directed to the strict observation of the regulations and standards of labour protection in force on construction sites. All the construction ministries stipulate that work on the construction site should be started only when the design of a project including safety provisions is completed. Standard designs intended for different building operations are worked out on the basis of the uniform technological charts that improve the construction technique and provide adequate safety conditions of work. 

Generally it can be said that optical systems will assume an ever increasing market share (depending on the achievement of uniform standards) of the data storage market which is currently dominated by magnetic systems. Additionally they will advance iato new appHcations. Up to the end of the twentieth century, complementary technologies rather than a conflict between optical and magnetic mass memories are likely. 

Manufacturing, analytical, and quaUty control procedures are thus estabhshed. Specifications for taw and in-process materials, as well as for final products per USP/NF and in-house standards are also determined. Process and formula vaUdation assures that each technological procedure in manufacture accomplishes its purpose most efficiently, eg, blending times for powdered mixtures in tableting, and that each formula ingredient is present in optimal concentrations (12). Thus, it serves to ensure process control (qv), reproducibiUty, and content uniformity. 

Table 10.5 gives a preliminary comparison of performance of dielectric elastomer with other acmator technologies. The reported values are collected from different sources and are not based on uniform measurement standards. ... 

This section provides a brief overview of the existing and developing codes and standards related to fuel cell technologies. The discussion focuses on participating organizations, specific codes and standards and more generally applied codes and standards (e.g., the Uniform Building Code) that apply to system installation. 

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