Stainless steel MFCs

Nylon Peel Test Nylon-6 films (10-mil Ihick) were pressed between Teflon-covered stainless steel plates on a 30-ton Carver hydraulic press at 235°C. The nylon film was then cut into 2 x 5 in panels, with care taken to ensure all sides were square. The panels were submerged in a phosphate buffer solution (pH = 7.2, T = 25°C) for 1 h. Excess moisture was removed with lint-free tissue paper. The monomeric tissue adhesive, for example MFC, was applied to one panel, and another panel was placed on top. A 1/2 x 5 in portion of the panels was left unglued. The MFC was allowed to cure for 2 h. Each panel was then sectioned into smaller samples. The xmglued portion was gripped into an MTS MiniBionix (Model 858) and the force required to separate the films at a displacement rate of 2.5 cm/min was measured. The average load after the initial peak was used to calculate the average peel force of the adhesive joint. 

Stainless steel mesh Graphene powder was mixed with PTFE then coated on the surface of a stainless steel mesh Carbon paper Escherichia coli Two-chamber MFC Glucose P.D. = 2668 mW m P.D. = 142 mWm 46... 

Metals such as platinum (Schroder et al., 2003), gold (Richter et al., 2008), titanium (Ter Heijne et al., 2008), stainless steel (Dumas et al., 2007) and copper (Kargi and Eker, 2007) have been investigated as MFC anodes due to then high conductivity, but the overall performance of these materials has been underwhelming. This could be due to them having less than the optimal... 

Non-carbon-based materials have also been explored for MFC anodes, including various metals, platinum [18], gold [19], titanium [11], stainless steel (SS) [20], and copper [13]. In spite of the fact that the conductivity of metals is normally higher than that of carbon materials, the performance of metal materials as MFC anodes is generally poor. Poor performance could be due to the relatively low surface area of metal electrodes and the less favorable surface properties for biofilm development compared with carbon electrodes. The high cost of Pt and Au materials impedes their large-scale applications. Attention should also be given to the corrosive nature and poisonous effects of some metals. For example, metals such as copper and stainless steel can be reactive as MFC anodes, which further limits the apphcation of metals as anode materials in MFCs. 

A basic requirement for cathode material in MFCs is to have a high redox potential and the ability to easily capture protons. Most of the materials mentioned above for anode can also be used for cathode. Presently, commonly used cathode materials include graphite, carbon cloth, carbon paper and stainless-steel mesh. Apparently different to the anodes, a catalyst is usually coupled with a cathode material when oxygen is used as the electron acceptor, due to low oxygen reduction rate at pristine electrode surface. 

Carbon paper, cloth, foams, and R VC. The use of carbon-based electrodes in paper, cloth, and foam forms for the MFC anode is very common. These materials have high conductivity and appear to be well suited for bacterial growth. Carbon paper is stiff and slightly brittle but it is easily connected to a wire (Fig. 5.1 A). It should be sealed to the wire using epoxy, with all exposed surfaces of the wire covered or sealed with epoxy as well. Copper wire can be used but it corrodes over time, either releasing copper into solution (which can be toxic to the bacteria) or causing the electrode to detach from the wire. Stainless steel or titanium wires work better in MFCs. Carbon paper is commonly... 

Hasvold et al. (1997) reported that stainless steel brush electrodes were used as cathodes in an undersea vehicle power source, but that carbon brush electrodes performed better. However, they did not test these cathodes in any MFC applications. 

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