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Split regulated

The first step is to assign a eurrent split. The less sense eurrent drawn from a partieular output, the poorer its output regulation. Let us assign a eurrent split of 70 pereent for the -i-5 V and 30 pereent for the -I-12V. Ri beeomes... [Pg.78]

For the purpose of discussion, crossbridge regulation can be split into three overlapping sets of reactions (a) the Ca-calmodulin cascade (MLCK activation), (b) the phosphorylation-dephosphorylation cycle (the Four State Model), and (c) actin-myosin cycle (chemomechanical transduction). [Pg.178]

Figure 8.26(A) is an example of a valve type interface [329]. Helium carrier gas is provided to the headspace saiq)ler and is split into two flow paths. One path is flow-controlled and provides a constant flow of carrier gas which passes from the headspace unit through the heated transfer line to the gas chromatograph. The second flow path is pressure-regulated and, in the standby mode, the seunple loop and seuapling needle are flushed continuously by the helium flow. At a time determined by the operator, the sampling needle pierces the septum and helium pressurizes the headspace vial to any desired pressure. The headspace gas is then allowed to vent through the sample loop. Once filled, the sample loop is placed in series with the normal carrier gas flow and its contents are driv Bbhrough the heated... Figure 8.26(A) is an example of a valve type interface [329]. Helium carrier gas is provided to the headspace saiq)ler and is split into two flow paths. One path is flow-controlled and provides a constant flow of carrier gas which passes from the headspace unit through the heated transfer line to the gas chromatograph. The second flow path is pressure-regulated and, in the standby mode, the seunple loop and seuapling needle are flushed continuously by the helium flow. At a time determined by the operator, the sampling needle pierces the septum and helium pressurizes the headspace vial to any desired pressure. The headspace gas is then allowed to vent through the sample loop. Once filled, the sample loop is placed in series with the normal carrier gas flow and its contents are driv Bbhrough the heated...
The alternative to using a single plenum and adjusting the gas flow with the distributor plate is the use of a split plenum. Here, the gas flow is regulated separately through a central and annular plenum. The air can be supplied by a single blower but separate controls are necessary for each plenum. If independent control of the gas flow to each plenum is required, then two blowers are necessary. [Pg.361]

The preparation of molybdenum (III) bromide is effected by transferring the reaction tube to a 12-in. split-winding furnace D with a heating zone of 10 to 12 in., so that B is located at the center of the furnace. After the furnace has been heated to 600°, bromine is distilled from A to F simply by moving the ice bath to F and warming A to room temperature. A deposit of molybdenum(III) bromide is obtained at E as the reaction proceeds. When all bromine has been distilled into F, the ice bath is returned to A and the distillation repeated. Once the furnace temperature has been regulated, the reaction does not require further attention except to occasionally transfer the ice bath between A and F. [Pg.56]

Perhaps a major factor is the handling of batches. For instance, pharmaceutical plants usually handle fixed sizes for which integrity must be maintained (no mix-ing/splitting), while solvent or polymer plants handle variable sizes that can be split and mixed. Similarly, different requirements on processing times can be found in different industries depending on process characteristics. For example pharmaceutical applications might involve fixed times due to FDA regulations, while solvents or polymers have times that can be adjusted and optimized with process models. [Pg.166]

Split vent. The sample vapors that do not enter the column are ejected through the split vent. A needle valve on this line regulates the total flow of carrier gas into and from the inlet, generating the split ratio, which determines the portion of sample that enters the column. The split ratio is the ratio of the split vent flow to the column flow and provides a measure of the amount of sample that actually enters the column from the injection. A split ratio of 100 1 indicates that a lpl injection from the syringe results in approximately 10 ml of liquid sample reaching the column. [Pg.463]

Pressure regulator. The split inlet is back pressure regulated to ensure a constant head pressure, therefore, a steady flow through the column. For capillary columns, the inlet pressure determines the column flow, as per Eq. (14.11). As the inlet operates, the split vent can be opened or closed or upstream gas flow may change the regulator maintains the desired pressure, therefore the desired column flow. [Pg.463]

Within the United States, the regulation of therapeutics is split on relatively arbitrary grounds. This is presented in Table 2.5 in Chapter 2. This chapter reflects both current FDA practices and the ICH guidelines. [Pg.411]

Importantly, the operating efficiency of a chromatograph is directly dependent on the maintenance of a highly constant carrier gas-flow-rate. Carrier gas passes from the tank through a toggle value, a flow meter, a few feet of metal capillary restrictors, and a 0-4 m pressure gauze. The flow rate could be adjusted by means of a needle value mounted on the base of the flow meter and is controlled by the capillary restrictors. On the downstream side of the pressure regulator, a tee (T) may split the flow and direct it to the sample and the reference side of the detector. [Pg.436]

Mitosis is a fundamental process for life. During mitosis, a cell duplicates all of its contents, including its chromosomes, and splits to form two identical daughter cells. Because this process is so critical, the steps of mitosis are carefully controlled by a number of genes. When mitosis is not regulated correctly, health problems such as cancer can result. [Pg.21]

Complement. Complement is an extensive series of glycoproteins and protein inhibitors whose function includes major cytolytic effects, mediation of opsonization, and modulation of inflammatory responses. Activation of this system plays an important role in host defense leading to destruction of microorganisms. It also results in generation of anaphylotoxins which induce mediator release and "split products" that mediate membrane damage, either directly through structural alteration or indirectly, via cell chemotaxis and regulation. [Pg.148]

Nuclear flssion Nuclear fission, the splitting of an atomic nucleus, doesn t occur in nature. Humans first harnessed the tremendous power of fission during the Manhattan Project, an intense, hush-hush effort by the United States that led to the development of the first atomic bomb in 1945. Fission has since been used for more-benign purposes in nuclear power plants. Nuclear power plants use a highly regulated process of fission to produce energy much more efficiently than is done in traditional, fossil fuel-burning power plants. [Pg.278]


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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.469 , Pg.470 ]




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