Spirit varnish

Spiritus, m. spirit, spirits, specif, alcohol, spiritusartig, a. spirituous, alcoholic. Splritus-beize, /. spirit mordant spirit stain, -blau, n. spirit blue, -brenner, m. (spirit) distiller alcohol burner, -brennerei, /. distillery, -dampf, m. alcohol vapor, -fa-bfik, /. spirit manufactory, distillery, -fass, n. spirit cask or barrel, -geruch, m. odor of spirits. -Industrie, /. spirit industry, distilling industry, -lack, m. spirit varnish, -lampe, /. spirit lamp, spiritusldslich, a. spirit-soluble. 

Spritlack, m. spirit varnish or lacquer, sprlt-lackecht, a. fast to spirit lacquer. -ISslich, a. spirit-soluble, alcohol-soluble. -unlSslich, a. insoluble in spirit. 

Weingeistfimls, m. spirit varnish, weingeisthaltig, a. alcohohc. weingeistig, a, spirituous, alcohohc. — wein-geistiges Ammoniak, spirit of ammonia. Weingeist-lack, m. spirit varm ah. -lampe, f. spirit lamp, alcohol lamp, -messer, m. alcoholometer. 

Feller, R. L., "Identification and Analysis of Resins and Spirit Varnishes", in "Application of Science in Examination of Works of Art", Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, 1959, pp. 51-76. 

Shellac, which was used by Edison for molding his first photograph records and is still used as an alcoholic solution (spirit varnish) for coating wood, is a cross-linked polymer consisting largely of derivatives of aleuritic acid (9,10,16-trihydroxyhexadecanoic acid). Shellac is excreted by small coccid insects Coccus lacca), which feed on the twigs of trees in Southeast Asia. Over 2 million insects must be dissolved in ethanol to produce 1 kg of shellac. 

Shellac Resin G P A P P P G P A Applied as spirit varnish to magnesium powder... 

The best Mud of varnish to apply to a cold plate Is made by dissolving powdered dammara resin in benzol. This is potued over the picture in the Bame way as the collodion on the plate. It dries in a few minutes. Cut a better varnish, used with a heated plate, is made by dissolving shell-lac in alcohol. This is called spirit varnish. Before applying it, the plate should be heated before a fire to about 100°, aud after applying it, to about 160°. When dry, this varnish is extremely hard and diUioult to scratch, and it protects the picture effectually from injury in printing. 

They are usually classified as Volatile and Fatty Varnishes. The former, known also as spirit varnishes, lac varnishes, oil of turpentine varnishes, etc., are solutions of resins and similar products in volatile solvents, while the latter, termed also oil varnishes, have as basis drying oils or are solutions of resins or resinates in drying oils, mostly with volatile solvents and often with colouring matters. 

Lithographic and printing lakes should also be resistant to spirit varnishes, when the latter are used as a protection or to render the colours less brilliant. To test lakes from this point of view, it suffices to subject a sharply outlined print to the action of a few drops of spirit varnish, which covers partly the design and partly the white ground. After a few minutes the excess of the varnish is poured off and the print examined when dry to see if the ground has remained perfectly white and if the outlines of the design are still sharp. 

Use Adhesives, gloss oils, paper label coatings, oleoresinous varnishes, solder flux, spirit varnishes, waxed paper and hot melt compounds, synthetic resins. 

Spirit varnish 2903 Varnish with an alcoholic base. 

Dymerex . [Hercules] Resin of dimeric adds thermplastic resin used in mfg. of protective coatings, spirit varnishes, epoxy ester resin vehicles, adhesives, and printing inks as a sold ng flux. 

Novolacs are solid at normal temperature and generally have a well-defined melting point. The largely inert behaviour of novolacs means that they can only be used for physically drying paints and coatings. They are extremely good soluble in polar solvents such as alcohols, ketones, and esters, but are insoluble in aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons (e.g., xylene, benzene). Spirit varnishes are novolacs dissolved in alcohol that are primarily used as unpigmented varnishes they have an... 

Isobutanol prevents blushing in drying paint films, and also improves flow and gloss. When added in amounts of 5 to 10% it reduces the viscosity of oil-based paints, alkyd paints, and cellulose nitrate lacquers. Isobutanol can replace butanol as a moistening agent for cellulose nitrate. It is also used in the production of spirit varnishes and printing inks, and as a raw material for the production of plasticizers. 

The pigment resin dissolves in ethanol and diethyl ether to give yellow solutions that turn deep red on addition of alk. In the past solutions of G. were used in the paint industry as yellow spirit varnish. 

Chem. Descrip. Pentaerythrityl rosinate, internally plasticized, modified CAS 8050-26-8 EINECS/ELINCS 232-479-9 Uses Modifier resin used with variety of film-formers to impart/improve gloss, adhesion, toughness, and hardness in flexographic inks, spirit varnishes, conventional lacquers, specialty coatings and finishes food contact... 

Solution or a resin exuded by a scale insect, in alcohol or acetone. The color ranges from light yellow to orange the darker shellacs are the less pure. When bleached it is known as white shellac. Applied to surfaces, e.g., wood, shellac forms a hard coating when the solvent evaporates. Shellac is used as a spirit varnish, as a protective covering for drawings and plaster casts, for stiffening felt hats, and in electrical insulation. 

Solution of gum or of natural or synthetic resins that dries to a thin, hard, usually glossy film it may be transparent, translucent, or tinted. Oil varnishes are made from hard gum or resin dissolved in oil. Spirit varnishes, e.g., shellac, are usually made of soft gums or resins dissolved in a volatile solvent. Enamel is varnish with added pigments. Lacquer may be either a synthetic or natural varnish. As a decorative or protective coating, varnish has been used for oil paintings, for string instruments, and, by the ancient Egyptians, for mummy cases. 

Accroides n. Resinous accumulation which occurs on the leaf and stem of the Xanthor-rhoea species. It is native to Austraha and Tasmania. It appears on the market in red and yellow forms, both of which are soluble in industrial alcohol, and are used in spirit varnishes. The resin is also described as Black Boy Gum , Botany Bay Resin, grass tree gum, gum acaroid, acaroid resin, red gum, and yacca or yacka gum. Langenheim JH (2003) Plant resins chemistry, evolution ecology and ethnobotany. 

Benzoline n. (1) Gum benzoin, as it is more commonly known, is a spirit-soluble resin, which appears on the market as Siam, Palembang, Padang, Sumatra, and Penang benzoins. It has a very pleasant vanilla smell, and it is used partly on account of this, and partly as a plasticizing resin in spirit varnishes. Benzoin is obtained as an exudation from a tree as a result of deliberate incision. (2) (deprecated) Another name for petroleum benzine. 

Brown hard varnish n. Spirit varnish prepared from shellac dissolved in industrial alcohol. Cheaper grades may consist of shellac-rosin mixtures, spirit manila, spirit manila-rosin mixtures, or alcohol soluble rosin-modified phenolic resin. 

Dabber dab- [ME dabhe] (14c) n. Domeshaped brush of soft hair for applying spirit varnish or for polishing and finishing gilding. 

Pontianak ipan-te- a- nak. Manila type of semifossil copal obtained from Borneo. By reason of its alcohol solubfiity, it is used in spirit varnishes, but after running it... 

Proof spirit (1790) (British) n. This corresponds with a definite mixture of absolute alcohol in water, and actually contains 49.24% by weight of alcohol. Sixty-four overproof (O.P.) industrial alcohol is commonly used for spirit varnish manufacture, containing approximately 90% of alcohol by weight. 

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