Space power generation cell applications

Nowad s, such FCs are in different stages of development and have different applications. The only practical application of low temperature fuel cells considered in this chapter are AFCs in the Ameriean space shuttles. On the other hand, PAFCs have been used in stationary power generation plants sinee the 70s. Finally, PEFCs have experimented a resurgenee in the 90s due to their performanee improvement, as a eonsequence of the use of a new proton exehange membrane (Nafion) and new teehniques that enhanced the efficiency of platinum catalyst in the electrodes. This resurgence has been mainly directed towards portable and transport applications rather than stationary applications [3]. 

The fuel cell power generation systems are considered for a wide range of applications including transportation, stationary power generation, portable power generation, and space and military applications (Amphiett et al., 1995, Arendas et al., 2012 Bidwai et al., 2012 Hilmansen, 2003 Jones et. al., 1985 Miller et al., 2006, 2007 Roan, 1992, Rose and Geyer, 2000 Scott et al., 1993 Srinivas, 1984). 

For vehicular applications, fuel cell systems need to be different from stationary power generation. Available space in vehicles is much more critical and fast response times and start-up times are required. 

There is now a great interest in developing different kinds of fuel cells with several applications (in addition to the first and most developed application in space programs) depending on their nominal power stationary electric power plants (lOOkW-lOMW), power train sources (20-200kW) for the electrical vehicle (bus, truck and individual car), electricity and heat co-generation for buildings and houses (5-20 kW), auxiliary power units (1-100 kW) for different uses (automobiles, aircraft, space launchers, space stations, uninterruptible power supply, remote power, etc.) and portable electronic devices (1-100 W), for example, cell phones, computers, camcorders [2, 3]. 

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