Source-based macromolecular nomenclature

Source air pollution sampling, 26 673 Source-based macromolecular nomenclature, 17 403 Source-drain current, 22 136 Source gases, 13 456... 

A Macromolecular Division of lUPAC was created in 1967, and it created a permanent Commission on Macromolecular Nomenclature, parallel to the other nomenclature commissions. The Commission over the years has issued recommendations on basic definitions, stereochemical definitions and notations, stmcture-based nomenclature for regular single-strand organic polymers and regular single-strand and quasisingle-strand inorganic and coordination polymers, source-based nomenclature for copolymers, and abbreviations for polymers. AH of these are coUected in a compendium referred to as the lUPAC Purple Book (99). 

Examples of the two macromolecular nomenclature systems are as foUows. For source-based names for homopolymers and copolymers polyacrylonitrile, poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(acrylainide- (9-vinylpyrroHdinone), polybutadiene- /oi / -polystyrene, and poly(propyl... 

Table 3. lUPAC Source-Based Nomenclature for Non-Linear Macromolecules and Macromolecular Assemblies [5]... 

The first publication of the lUPAC in the area of macromolecular nomenclature was in 1952 by the Sub-commission on Nomenclature of the then lUPAC Commission on Macromolecules, which drew on the talents of such remarkable individuals as J. J. Hermans, M. L. Huggins, O. Kratky, and H. F. Mark. That report [1] was a landmark in that, for the first time, it systematized the naming of macromolecules and certain symbols and terms commonly used in polymer science. It introduced the use of parentheses in source-based polymer names when the monomer from which the polymer is derived consists of more than one word, a practice that is now widely followed, and it recommended an entirely new way of naming polymers based on their structure that included the suffix amer , a recommendation that has been almost totally ignored. After ten years, the Sub-commission issued its second report [2], which dealt with the then-burgeoning field of stereoregular polymers. A revision [3] of definitions in the original report appeared four years later. In 1968, a summary report [4] of the activities of the Subcommission was published. 

Source-based nomenclature for non-linear macromolecules and macromolecular assemblies (lUPAC Recommendations 1997), PureAppl. Chem. 69, 2511-2521 (1997). Reprinted as Chapter 20, this edition. 

Because the exact structure of the polymer is not always known, two systems of macromolecular nomenclature have been developed source-based nomenclature and structure-based nomenclature. 

UPAC, Macromolecular Division, Commission on Macromolecular Nomenclature. Source-Based Nomenclature for Copolymers, Pure Appl. Cliem.. 57 (1985) 1427. 

Jenkins, A. D., Kahovec, J., Kratochvil, P., Mita, I., Papisov, I. M., Sperling, L. H., and Stepto, R. F. T., Source-Based Nomenclature for Non-Linear Macromolecules and Macromolecular Assemblies, draft report for the lUPAC Commission on Macromolecular Nomenclature, May 1993. 

Staudinger H (1920) Ober Polymerisation. Ber53 1073-1085. lUPAC Commission on Macromolecular Nomenclature (1976) Nomenclatureof Regular Single-stranded Organic Polymers. Pure Appl Chem 48 375-385 (1985) Source-based Nomenclature for Copolymers. Ibid 57 1427-1440. 

Table 5. lUPAC Source-based Nomenclature for Non-linear Macromolecules and Macromolecular Assemblies... 

Source-based nomenclature for nonlinear macromolecules and macromolecular assemblies... 

Non-linear polymers comprise branched, graft, star, cyclic, and network macromolecules. Polymer blends, interpenetrating networks, and polymer-polymer complexes are summarized as macromolecular assemblies. Their skeletal structure should be reflected in the name by using an italicized connective as a prefix to the source-based name of the polymer component or components to which the prefix applies. Table 5.10.1 lists aU classifications for non-Unear macromolecules and macromolecular assemblies with their corresponding prefixes [971UP2]. Examples for nomenclature are given in Table 5.10.2 (non-linear macromolecules) and Table 5.10.3 (macromolecular assemblies). 

Source-Based Nomenclature for Non-LinearMacromolecules and Macromolecular Assemblies Pure Appl. Chem. 69 (1997)2511. 

The lUPAC Macromolecular Nomenclature Commission has developed a systematic nomenclature for polymers (Al, A2). The Commission recognized, however, that a number of common polymers have semisystematic or trivial names that are well established by usage. For the reader s convenience, the recommended trivial name (or the source-based name) of the polymer is given under the polymer structure, and then the structure-based name is given. For example, the trivial name, polystyrene, is a source-based name, literally the polymer made from styrene. The structure-based name, poly(l-phenylethylene), is useful both in addressing people who may not be familiar with the structure of polystyrene and in cases where the polymer is not well known. This book uses a source-based nomenclature, unless otherwise specified. The following structures are lUPAC recommended. 

Wilks ES (1999) Macromolecular nomenclature note No. 17 Whither Nomenclature Polym Prep 40(2) 6-ll Wilks ES (2000a) Polymer nomenclature the controversy between source-based and structure-based representations (a personal perspective). Prog Polym Sci 25 9-100 Wilks ES (2000b) Macromolecular nomenclature note No. 18 SRUs Using the Rules. Polym Prep 41(l) 6a-l la... 

International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Nomenclature of Regular Double-Strand (Ladder and Spiro) Organic Polymers (Recommendations 1993), PureAppL Chem., 65,1561-1580 (1993). International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Structure-Based Nomenclature for Irregular Single-Strand Organic Polymers (Recommendations 1994), PureAppL Chem., 66,873-889 (1994). International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Source-Based Nomenclature for Non-Linear Macromolecules and Macromolecular Assemblies (Recommendations 1997). PureAppL Chem., 69, 2511— 2521 (1997). 

It seems quite appropriate to point out at the beginning of this chapter the correct nomenclature for block copolymers, polyA-( tock-polyB. This nomenclature was recommended by the Commission on Macromolecular Nomenclature of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, and subsequently the Commission s recommendations enhtled Source-Based Nomenclature for Copolymers were published in Pure Applied Chemistry 57, 1427-1440 (1985). The above nomenclature... 

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