Soluble polysaccharides, effect

In reverse to solubilization, soluble polysaccharides are made less soluble by removing branches or substituents to produce a more uniformly linear polysaccharide with improved possibility of intermolecular fit, by removing formal charges, by lessening the number of strong hydration sites, or by completely overcoming hydration effects by introducing hydrophobic substituents. 

Nephritis is an autoimmune disease caused by activation of the complement system. Cinnamon cortex and cinnamon oil inhibited complement formation in vitro. Cinncassiol C, and its glucoside, the cinncassiols C2 and C3 and cinncassiol D, and its glucoside were reported to possess anticomplementary activity. A water-soluble polysaccharide isolated from the cinnamon extract showed complement system activity (Tang and Eisenbrand, 1992). 2-Hydroxycinnamaldehyde and 2-benzyloxy cinnamaldehyde isolated from the stem bark of cinnamon possessed immunomodulatory effects (Koh et al., 1999). 

There are other water-soluble polysaccharides that have some economic importance, but are generally not employed as isolated substances. Many are beneficial because of the physiological effects they produce upon consumption rather than the physical properties they impart to aqueous systems. Some are presented here in alphabetical order. 

As well as the processing studies described above Camire and Clydesdale (2k) also investigated the effect of a fractionation treatment on wheat bran which removed the water soluble polysaccharides, protein and starch. This treatment, as described by Anderson and Clydesdale (2 i) involved a 2 hour extraction of cold... 

X. Sun, R.L Gao, YK. Xiong, Q.C. Huang, and M. Xu, Antitumor and immunomodulatory effects of a water-soluble polysaccharide from Lilii BuUms in mice, Carbohydr. Polym., 102, 543-549, 2014. 

Water-soluble polysaccharides isolated from fruiting bodies of jelly ear, Auricularia auricula-judae, showed hypoglycemic effects on genetically diabetic mice (KK-Ay). Polysaccharide supplementation in the amount of 30 g/kg of diet caused a reduction in plasma and urinary glucose levels, and also increased the tolerance to intraperitoneal glucose loading and the hepatic glycogen content (Yuan etal. 1998). 

Yuan, Z., He, P., Cui, J., and Takeuchi, H. 1998. Hypoglycemic effect of water-soluble polysaccharide from Aurieularia auricula-judae Quel, on genetically diabetic KK-Ay mice. Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, 62(10), 1898-903. 

Dietary fiber is a mixture of simple and complex polysaccharides and lignin. In intact plant tissue these components are organized into a complex matrix, which is not completely understood. The physical and chemical interactions that sustain this matrix affect its physicochemical properties and probably its physiological effects. Several of the polysaccharides classified as soluble fiber are soluble only after they have been extracted under fairly rigorous conditions. 

TSK-GEL PW type columns are commonly used for the separation of synthetic water-soluble polymers because they exhibit a much larger separation range, better linearity of calibration curves, and much lower adsorption effects than TSK-GEL SW columns (10). While TSK-GEL SW columns are suitable for separating monodisperse biopolymers, such as proteins, TSK-GEL PW columns are recommended for separating polydisperse compounds, such as polysaccharides and synthetic polymers. 

SRB contains high-quality protein, oil, dietary fiber, polysaccharides, fat-soluble phytochemicals (plant derived bioactive compounds) and other bran nutrients. Rice bran and germ are the richest natural sources of B complex vitamins as well as E vitamins, polyphenols, several antioxidants and minerals. It is now available in the commercial food ingredient market as a safe and effective functional food and dietary supplement. 

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