Solubility of alkalis

Table 9. Aqueous Solubilities of Alkali Metal and Ammonium Borates at Various Temperatures...

Flgure 4.7 Solubilities of alkali carbonates and bicarbonales (hydrogencarbonates). (H. Stephen and T. Stephen, Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds, Vol. 1, Part 1, Macmillan, New York.). 

The solubilities of alkali metal halides in various solvents are shown in Table 11.2 [2], In the table, water can dissolve all of the halides listed. Because water has a high permittivity and moderate acidic and basic properties, the hydration energies of the halides are large enough. Polar protic solvents like MeOH, HCOOH, FA and NMF can also dissolve many of the halides to considerable extents. However, in polar protophobic aprotic solvents like AN and Ac, halides... 

The difference in affinities shown in gas and solution phases suggests that solvent effects are quite important. These ligands have the unusual ability to promote the solubility of alkali sails in organic solvents as a result of the large hydrophobic organic nng. For example, alkali metals do not normally dissolve in ethers as they do in ammonia (see Chapter 10). but they will do so if crown ligands are present ... 

Many chemical properties of beryllium resemble aluminum, and to a lesser extent, magnesium. Notable exceptions include solubility of alkali metal fluoride-beryllium fluoride complexes and the thermal stability of solutions of alkali metal beryllates. 

A comprehensive paper by Little and Singleterry134 was devoted to the solubility of alkali dinonylnaphthalene sulfonates in different solvents with particular emphasis on the mutual relation between the solubility parameter and micellar size, see Fig. 14. 

Explain the following observations related to the solubility of alkali halides. 

The differences in the hydration of a solnte in H2O and D2O have been extensively stndied by measnring their thermodynamic properties, the change of free energy (AG°t), enthalpy (A//°t), and entropy (AY°t) at the transfer of 1 mol of solnte from a highly dilute solution in H2O to the same concentration in D2O under reversible conditions (mostly 25 °C and atmospheric pressure). Greyson measured the electromotive force (emf) of electrochemical cells of several alkali halides containing heavy and normal water solutions. The cell potentials had been combined with available heat of solution data to determine the entropy of transfer of the salts between the isotopic solvents. The thermodynamic properties for the transfer from H2O to D2O and the solubilities of alkali halides at 25° in H2O and D2O are shown in Table 4. 

Solubilities of alkali earth metal carbonates in KCl-NaCl eutectic... 

SOLUBILITIES OF ALKALI EARTH METAL CARBONATES IN KCl-NaCl EUTECTIC... 

The solubility of alkali metals in most of the solvents used in anionic polymerization is exceedingly low. Liquid ammonia and hexamethylphosphoric-triamide are exceptional in this respect relatively high concentrations of the metals can be attained in these media. Several distinct species co-exist in alkali metal solutions. A minute but constant concentration of unionized atoms, Met, is maintained when a solvent is kept in contact with solid alkali metal. These in turn are in equilibrium with the products of their ionization ... 

Product data cited previously (26, 35-37, 41) support independent evidence from kinetic studies (Table III) that HFIP is even less nucleophilic than TFE. Solubilities of alkali metal salts show the same trend in cation solvating power (18, 19). These diverse results warrant emphasis because Abraham et al. have implied (42) that the solvatochromic parameter P is a measure of solvent nucleophilicity. However, the P values for TFE and HFIP are both zero (43), and the relationship between p and solvent nucleophilicity is therefore questionable. 

For detailed discussion of the factors involved in the solubilities of alkali halides in... 

Solubilities of alkali metal salts of (-P-)6-rmg acid in 100 ml. of water are about 170 g. for cesium salt, about 20 g. for potassium salt, and, about 0.2 g. for sodium salt. The solubility of the sodium salt is remarkably low. Solubility of potassium sodium salt containing 17 at.-% sodium relative to the total metal atoms is 2.0-2.5 g. in 100 ml. of water (44). 

Because of the solubility of alkali metals in NH3 (1), some alkali metal phosphides have been prepared from NH3(1). Reactions in solvents, either by using compounds containing polyanions or, in the course of suitable syntheses, from compounds starting with isolated phosphorus anions or from... 

Solubility of Alkali Hydrides in Molten Alkali Metals.148... 

TABLE 14.21 Solubility of Alkali Metal Halides in Water... 

Solubility of alkali and some alkaline earth metals in ammonia... 

Write a note on the solubility of alkali metals in liquid ammonia. 

Yang JZ, Wang B, Zhang QG, Tong J (2007) Study on solid-liquid phase equilibria in ionic liquid 1. The solubility of alkali chloride (MCI) in ionic liquid EMISE. Fluid Phase Equilib 251 68-70... 

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