Solubility 1,2-dichlorobenzene

At room temperature, HDPE is not soluble in any known solvent, but at a temperature above 80—100°C, most HDPE resins dissolve in some aromatic, aflphatic, and halogenated hydrocarbons. The solvents most frequently used for HDPE dissolution are xylenes, tetralin, decalin 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, and 1,2,4-ttichlorobenzene. 

Solubility and Solvent Resistance. The majority of polycarbonates are prepared in methylene chloride solution. Chloroform, i7j -l,2-dichloroethylene, yy -tetrachloroethane, and methylene chloride are the preferred solvents for polycarbonates. The polymer is soluble in chlorobenzene or o-dichlorobenzene when warm, but crystallization may occur at lower temperatures. Methylene chloride is most commonly used because of the high solubiUty of the polymer (350 g/L at 25°C), and because this solvent has low flammabiUty and toxicity. Nonhalogenated solvents include tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, pyridine, and cresols. Hydrocarbons (qv) and aUphatic alcohols, esters (see Esters, organic), or ketones (qv) do not dissolve polycarbonates. Acetone (qv) promotes rapid crystallization of the normally amorphous polymer, and causes catastrophic failure of stressed polycarbonate parts. 

When sublimed, anthraquinone forms a pale yeUow, crystalline material, needle-like in shape. Unlike anthracene, it exhibits no fluorescence. It melts at 286°C and boils at 379°—381°C. At much higher temperatures, decomposition occurs. Anthraquinone has only a slight solubiUty in alcohol or benzene and is best recrystallized from glacial acetic acid or high boiling solvents such as nitrobenzene or dichlorobenzene. It is very soluble in concentrated sulfuric acid. In methanol, uv absorptions of anthraquinone are at 250 nm (e = 4.98), 270 nm (4.5), and 325 nm (4.02) (4). In the it spectmm, the double aUyflc ketone absorbs at 5.95 p.m (1681 cm ), and the aromatic double bond absorbs at 6.25 p.m (1600 cm ) and 6.30 pm (1587 cm ). 

E8.12 The melting point of 1,4-dichlorobenzene is 326.4 K and that of naphthalene is 353.4 K. The eutectic point occurs at a temperature of 303.4 K and a mole fraction of naphthalene in the liquid phase of 0.394. Assume ideal liquid solutions, no solid solubility, and ArusCp.m = 0 and calculate AfusHm for 1,4-dichlorobenzene. 

Solvent additives to the melt (Table 3) fall into two categories extractive and reactive. The extractive solvents (decane, perchloroethane, o-dichlorobenzene, and pyrrolidine) had negligible effect on solubility, possibly due to the preferential wetting of the coal by the solvent and exclusion of the ZnCl2 melt. Reactive solvents (anthracene oil, indoline, cyclohexanol, and tetralin) all incorporated strongly. Donor solvents, tetralin and indoline, increase the "corrected solubility, whereas anthracene oil and cyclohexanol have negligible effect. 

Aquan-Yuen, M., Mackay, D., Shiu, W.Y. (1979) Solubility of hexane, phenanthrene, chlorobenzene, and p-dichlorobenzene in aqueous electrolyte solutions. J. Chem. Eng. Data 24, 30-34. 

The oxidation of organic compounds by water-soluble inorganic oxidants is often made difficult not only by the insolubility of the organic substrate in water, but also by the susceptibility of many of the miscible non-aqueous solvents to oxidation. Solubilization of the ionic oxidant into solvents such as benzene, chloroform, dichloromethane or 1,2-dichlorobenzene, by phase-transfer catalysts obviates these problems, although it has been suggested that dichloromethane should not be used, as it is also susceptible to oxidation [1]. 

Mulhaupt et al. synthesized novel soluble copoly-arylenes via a Ni(0)-catalyzed coupling reaction of aryl chlorides. Molar ratios of dichlorodiphenyl sulfone (a) to m-dichlorobenzene (y) were used to vary the amount of m-phenylene in the final copolymer. Then these copolymers were dissolved in chloroform and sulfonated with chlorosulfonic acid. The synthe-... 

Venkatachaliah, V.R., Kuppusamy, R., and Pamulaparti, S.R. Solubility of o-dichlorobenzene under isoproturon synthesis conditions, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 38(2) 245-246, 1993. 

Dichlorobenzene is classified as an organochlorine compound and, as such, shares many of the biochemical characteristics of this class of chemicals, which includes high lipid solubility. A few studies have noted that 1,4-dichlorobenzene will preferentially distribute to adipose tissues in relatively high amounts, compared to accumulations in the liver and kidneys (Hawkins et al. 1980 Charbonneau et al. 1989b Klos and Dekant 1994). Loss of maternal body fat may mobilize 1,4-dichlorobenzene from fat storage deposits in exposed mothers. This mobilization could result in increased blood levels and/or excretion of 1,4-dichlorobenzene and its metabolites from the mother, as well as redistribution to other fat deposition sites, such as the high fat content found in breast milk. 

The precise mechanism of 1,4-dichlorobenzene oxidation to 2,5-dichlorophenol has not thoroughly been investigated. 1,4-Dichlorobenzene is known to be metabolized by cytochrome P-450 (Azouz et al. 1955 Hawkins et al. 1980) in order to be presented to phase II metabolic pathways to increase its water solubility for excretion. A proposed metabolic pathway involving cytochrome P-450 with intermediate formations of metabolites has been outlined for 1,4-dichlorobenzene (Den Besten et al. 1992). No... 

Less than 1% of environmental releases of 1,4-dichlorobenzene are to surface water (EPA 1981a). The compound s level of water solubility is also considered low (49-79 mg/L [ppm] at 22-25 °C) (Verschueren 1983). 1,4-Dichlorobenzene has been identified in industrial and municipal waste waters from several sources, at concentrations ranging from less than 3 ppb to more than 900 ppb (Oliver and Nichol 1982a Perry et al. 1979 Young and Heesen 1978 Young et al. 1980 1981). In 1988, environmental releases to surface water and publicly owned treatment works (POTWs) reported by industry were 6,153 pounds... 

Since 1,4-dichlorobenzene is slightly soluble (79 ppm at 25 °C) in water (Verschueren 1983), partitioning to clouds, rain, or surface water may occur. The Henry s law constant value (H),... 

The synthesis of a diphenylmethano-bridged fuUerene derivahve with reactive functional groups on the phenyl rings is exemplified by the preparahon of the diphenol derivative 118 (Scheme 4.23). It can be obtained from the corresponding methyl ether by treatment with BBrj in o-dichlorobenzene at 0 °C to room temperature in 94% yield. In contrast to the non-polar diphenyl-methano bridged fullerenes, 118 is soluble and stable in pyridine but sparingly soluble in benzene or toluene. 

The submitters did not redistil the feri-butyl hypochlorite. If it is desired to avoid the use of feri-butyl hypochlorite, an equivalent quantity of dichloramine (N,N-dichlorobenzene-sulfonamide, Arapahoe Chemical Co., Boulder, Colorado) may be substituted. This material is soluble in benzene but the benzene-sulfonamide is not therefore the reaction mixture must be filtered just before the addition of the sodium methoxide solution. Using this technique, the submitters obtained 44-52% of phenacylamine hydrochloride. 

In another process for the synthesis of PPS, as well as other poly(arylene sulfide)s and poly(arylene oxide)s, a pentamethylcyclopentadienylmthenium(I) 71-complex is used to activate/>-dichlorobenzene toward displacement by a variety of nucleophilic comonomers (92). Important facets of this approach, which allow the polymerization to proceed under mild conditions, are the tremendous activation afforded by the -coordinated transition-metal group and the improved solubility of the resultant organometallic derivative of PPS. Decomplexation of the organometaUic derivative polymers may, however, be complicated by precipitation of the polymer after partial decomplexation. 

Obtained from Eastman Organic Chemicals, b.p. 175-181°. This solvent, in which the benzyne precursor is very sparingly soluble, seemed slightly superior to trimethylene glycol dimethyl ether (b.p. 222°) in which the solubility is considerably higher. o-Dichlorobenzene (b.p. 179°), a still better solvent for the dipolar salt, is less satisfactory than the ether. Diethyl oxalate (b.p. 184°) and N,N-dimethylacetamide (b.p. 195°) are unsatisfactory. 

Soluble in water with some decomposition forming fluoroboric and boric acids somewhat soluble in concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid soluble in benzene, dichlorobenzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and carbon disulfide.1,2... 

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