Solid typical properties

Some typical properties of a fabricated solid grade (Vespel-Du Pont) are given in Table 18.13 together with some data on a graphite-loaded variety and a commercial polyamide-imide (Torlon 2000—Amoco). 

The free selenazole hydrazines are solids, sometimes well crystallized compounds. They show the typical properties of hydrazines. Thus they reduce Fehling s solution on warming and liberate silver, even in the cold, from ammoniacal silver nitrate solution. Further, they react with carbonyl compounds for example, benzylidene hydrazones are formed with benzaldehyde. These are identical with the hydrazones formed by direct condensation from benzaldehyde selenosemicarbazone and the corresponding a-halogenocarbonyl compound. 2-Hydrazino-4-phenylselenazole has also been reacted with acetophenone. The 2-a-methylbenzylidenehydrazone of 4-phenyl-selenazole (2, K = CJl, R" = H, R" = NH—N CMe-aH ) forms golden yellow plates mp 171°C. ... 

Table 15.7 Typical properties of some solid fuels...

A comparison of typical properties of cathodic protection materials is given in Table 10.23, but is by no means comprehensive. It is obvious that the modification of an alloy, environment or other important factors will be reflected in the life and output characteristics. In some cases the maximum voltages and current densities recommended can be vastly exceeded. In others, particularly where abnormal levels of environmental dissolved solids are met, factors of safety should be applied to modify the proposed figures. Acceptance of a much reduced or uncertain life, weighed against a possible economy, may also influence the chosen working limits. For example, the life of ferrous alloy anodes may, in practice, be only two-thirds of that expected because of preferential attack eventually leading to disconnection of all or part of the anode from the source of e.m.f. 

TABLE 2.11 Typical Properties of Unfilled Polyethylene terephthalate) (PET), Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT), and Poly(butylene terephthalate (PBT) Solid-State Polyester Resins... 

The strong attraction between oppositely charged ions accounts for the typical properties of ionic solids, such as their high melting points and their brittleness. A high temperature is required before the ions are able to move past one... 

Besides these many cluster studies, it is currently not knovm at what approximate cluster size the metallic state is reached, or when the transition occurs to solid-statelike properties. As an example. Figure 4.17 shows the dependence of the ionization potential and electron affinity on the cluster size for the Group 11 metals. We see a typical odd-even oscillation for the open/closed shell cases. Note that the work-function for Au is still 2 eV below the ionization potential of AU24. Another interesting fact is that the Au ionization potentials are about 2 eV higher than the corresponding CUn and Ag values up to the bulk, which has been shown to be a relativistic effect [334]. A similar situation is found for the Group 11 cluster electron affinities [334]. 

Table 8 Typical Properties of Some Common Drugs and Excipients Determined at a Compact Solid fraction of 0.8 to 0.9...

Ionic interactions are electrostatic by nature, and occur between ions of opposite charge. The overwhelming majority of ionic compounds are solids, although a few biological exceptions do occur. Table 2.7 lists a few typical properties of ionic compounds. 

In another system, miscible blends of PE and lauryl methacrylates (LMA) were in situ polymerized/crosslinked to yield submicrometer rubber particle sizes ranging from 70 to 400 nm [55]. Divinyl benzene (DVB) was used as a crosslinking system for LMA (rubber precursor). Typical TPV morphologies consisting of a crosslinked PLMA rubber dispersion (gel content >90%) in a PE matrix and, consequently, typical TPV solid-state properties are obtained. 

Melted wax has the typical property of the normal paraffins, that of having the lowest viscosity for a given boiling point of any hydrocarbon type. The solid properties are, of course, the most important and have received extensive study. Some typical waxes have properties shown in Table V. 

Oxidative-reductive disproportionation is a rather typical property of some pseudo bases. Thus, l,3-dimethyl-2-hydroxybenzimidazoline (229), which exists in the solid state in the open-chain form (228), on heating at 165-185°C, is converted to mixture of 1,3-dimethylbenzimidazolone (230) (49%) and 1,3-dimethylbenzimidazoline (231) (46%) (85KGS1694). Evidently, the process proceeds via an equilibrium amount of (229) undergoing hydride transfer. 

Liquid systems occupy a special place between gaseous and solid phases. The high mobility of particles in a liquid and the values of diffusion coefficients falling in a narrow range supports the assumption of a free volume of about 1 cm3moL (see Section 6.3.3) as a prerequisite for the manifestation of the typical properties of a liquid phase. 

Zeosils are microporous solids with tetrahedral frameworks, which are similar to those of aluminosilicate zeolites, but which are built from pure SiOz [1, 2]. With their neutral frameworks, zeosils do not show the typical properties of zeolites such as ion exchange, hydrophilicity, and catalytic activity instead, these materials are hydrophobic and non-reactive. Zeosils find their main qrplications as highly selective adsorbents for sorbing nonpolar molecules from wet gas streams or aqueous solutions. 

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