Solid hepatic tumor

TNF was originally identified because of its cytotoxic activity against some tumor cell lines and its ability to induce hemorrhagic necrosis of solid tumors in various animal models. However, the clinical use of TNF as an anticancer drug has been so far limited by its severe cardiovascular side effects. Therefore, TNF treatment is limited to regional and local administration of high doses of TNF, often in combination with chemotherapy, as accomplished in isolated limb and isolated hepatic perfusion (ILP and IHP, respectively) [5]. In the case of ILP, typically metastases are treated, patients benefit from this procedure by salvage of limbs from a loss by amputation. 

Primary liver cancer, or HCC, is a rare type of cancer in Western countries, but occurs frequently in Africa and Asia. HCC is often the sequel to chronic viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, nutritional deficiencies, or specitic toxins. More common types of cancer occurring in the liver are metastatic diseases, which originate mainly from primary gastrointestinal tumors. For the growth of these and other solid tumors, sprouting of the vascular system, called angiogenesis, is essential to provide an adequate blood supply to the tumor cells. Nutrients and oxygen are needed for the proliferation of tumor cells [134-136],... 

No bone marrow depression. Autonomic, peripheral and motor neuropathy, injection site necrosis. IV. Hepatic metabolism, biliary excretion. Acute lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin s lymphoma, some solid tumors. Isolated from periwinkle plant. 

The unique vascular supply of the liver is well described and understood by radiologists and surgeons, but less well so by other specialists that now are key members of the liver brachytherapy team. A brief review is presented of the scientific evidence confirming microsphere implantation preferentially in the peripheral zone of hepatic solid tumors, thus sparing the normal adjacent tissue. 

Nanodrug Delivery for Tumor Treatment, Fig. 3 Representative hepatic artery system with a solid tumor assumed to be distal to the daughter vessel D1 or D3 and initial nanoparticle release map (NPRM) with initial... 

Childress EM, Kleinstreuer C, Kermedy AS (2012) A new catheter for tumor-targeting with radioactive microspheres in representative hepatic artery systems. Part II solid tumor-targeting in a patient-inspired hepatic artery system. J Biomech Eng Trans ASME 134 051005... 

FNH has been subgrouped in the solid type and telangiectatic type. The differentiation has no clinical impact, but the latter type usually occur in the multiple FNH syndrome. This syndrome is present if at least two FNH lesions and one or more other type of lesion are present (including hepatic hemangioma, arterial structural defects, central nervous system vascular malformation, SNC tumors) (IWP 1995). 

Metastases to the liver are common, and a variety of often nonspecific appearances have been reported (Lewis and Chezmar 1997). The majority of hepatic metastases are solid, but some have a complete or partially cystic appearance (Lewis and Chezmar 1997). The cyst-like appearance of hepatic metastases may be related to two different pathologic mechanisms. First, hypervascular metastatic tumors with rapid growth may lead to necrosis and cystic degeneration. This mechanism is frequently demonstrated in metastases from neuro-... 

Microscopically, EHE is a solid tumor composed of epithelioid-appearing endothelial cells. There are dendritic spindle cells and epithelioid round cells within an abundant matrix of myxoid and fibrous stroma. Neoplastic cells invade and eventually obliterate the sinusoids, terminal hepatic veins, and portal veins. Approximately 30% of patients may demonstrate progressive sclerosis and eventual classification (Kelleher et al. 1989). The demonstration of cells containing factor Vlll-related antigen confirms the endothelial origin of the tumor. 

Fusai G, Davidson BR (2003b) Management of colorectal liver metastases. Colorectal Dis 5 2-23 Gazelle GS, Hunink MG, Kuntz KM, et al (2003) Cost-effectiveness of hepatic metastasectomy in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma a state-transition Monte Carlo decision analysis. Ann Surg 237 544-555 Gehan EA, Tefft MC (2000) Will there be resistance to the RECIST (response evaluation criteria in solid tumors) J Natl Cancer Inst 92 179-181... 

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