Solar power materials problems

Concentrator Cells and Systems. Concentrators circumvent the problem of high semiconductor material cost by using mirrors or lenses to concentrate sunlight on small surface areas of more expensive solar cells. Concentration allows more power to be produced from a given amount of photosensitive material. 

Once MNT-enabled solar energy becomes the exclusive energy source, problems such as acid rain and smog should not exist. In addition, future vehicles that are constructed from nano-materials, driven by nano-electromechanical systems and powered by hydrogen fuel cells (see Fig. 7) or solar cells (see Fig. 8) should totally eliminate transportation-related S02 and NOx emission. Therefore, the anthropogenic release of S02 and NOx that has assaulted the atmosphere since the Industrial Revolution should be ceased further acidification of the environment and the threat to human health will be relieved [31-33]. 

A major problem for the shock model has been to find a source of powerful, pervasive, and repeatable shocks. Several have been proposed clumpy material falling into the nebula (Tanaka et al, 1998), bow shocks from planetesimals scattered by Jupiter (Hood, 1998 Weidenschillingetal., 1998), and spiral-arm instabilities in the solar nebula (Wood, 1996b). Boss infers that clumps and spiral arms could generate 10kms shocks in the asteroid belt (Chapter 1.04). lida et al. (2001) and... 

Each time we pay an electricity bill or purchase gasoline, we pay for fossil fuels. The labor to mine coal or drill for oil, the labor and materials to build and operate power plants, and the transportation of coal and oil to these plants are just part of the costs of using fossil fuels. There also are indirect costs such as health problems caused by pollution, environmental problems such as acid rain, and the protection of foreign sources of oil. There is an alternative source of energy readily available for use in your everyday life— solar energy. 

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