Bullhead, brown

Brown bullhead, Ictalurus nebulosus-, Ontario, Canada Gill... 

Brungs, W.A., E.N. Leonard, and J.M. McKim. 1973. Acute and long-term accumulation of copper by the brown bullhead, Ictalurus nebulosus. Jour. Fish. Res. Bd. Can. 30 583-586. 

Christensen, G.M., J.M. McKim, W.A. Brungs, and E.P. Hunt. 1972. Changes in the blood of the brown bullhead (Ictalurus nebulosus (Leseuer)) following short and long term exposure to copper (II). Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 23 417-427. 

Fishes, 10 species muscle Bay of Bengal, India Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua all tissues Brown bullhead, Ameiurus nebulosus near smelter Canada Gills Kidneys Livers Muscle... 

Enlarged hvers in brown bullheads from a PAH-contaminated river (Fabacher and Baumann 1985). 

Baumann, P.C. and J.C. Harshbarger. 1995. Decline in liver neoplasms in wild brown bullhead catfish after coking plant closes and environmental PAHs plummet. Environ. Health Perspect. 103 168-170. 

Baumann, P.C., W.D. Smith, and W.K. Parland. 1987. Tumor frequencies and contaminant concentrations in brown bullheads from an industrialized river and a recreational lake. Trans. Amer. Fish. Soc. 116 79-86. 

Baumann, P.C., W.D. Smith, and M. Ribick. 1982. Hepatic tumor rates and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon levels in two populations of brown bullhead (Ictalurus nebulosus). Pages 93-102 in M.W. Cooke, A.J. Dennis, and G.L. Fisher (eds.). Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons Physical and Biological Chemistry. Battelle Press, Columbus, OH. 

Eufemia, N.A., T.K. Collier, J.E. Stein, D.E. Watson, and R.T. Di Giulio. 1997. Biochemical responses to sediment-associated contaminants in brown bullhead (Ameriurus nebulosus) from the Niagara River ecosystem. Ecotoxicology 6 13-34. 

Fabacher, D.L. and P.C. Baumann. 1985. Enlarged livers and hepatic microsomal mixed-function oxidase components in tumor-bearing brown bullheads from a chemically contaminated river. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 4 703-710. 

Grady, A.W., R.M. McLaughlin, C.W. Caldwell, C.J. Schmitt, and D.L. Stalling. 1992. Flow cytometry, morphometry and histopathology as biomarkers of benzo[a]pyrene exposure in brown bullheads (Ameiu-rus nebulosus). Jour. Appl. Toxicol. 12 165-177. 

Leadley, T.A., G. Balch, C.D. Metcalfe, R. Lazar, E. Mazak, J. Habowsky, and G.D. Haffner. 1998. Chemical accumulation and toxicological stress in three brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) populations of the Detroit River, Michigan, USA. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 17 1756-1766. 

Lin, E.L.C., S.M. Cornier, and R.N. Racine. 1994. Synchronous fluorometric measurement of metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the bile of brown bullhead. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 13 707-715. 

Sikka, H.C., J.P. Rutkowski, and C. Kandaswami. 1990. Comparative metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene by liver microsomes from brown bullhead and carp. Aquat. Toxicol. 16 101-112. 

Steward, A.R., C. Kandaswami, S. Chidambaram, C. Ziper, J.P. Rutkowski, and H.C. Sikka. 1990. Disposition and metabolic fate of benzo[a]pyrene in the brown bullhead. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 9 1503-1512. 

Steevens, J.A. Bauman, P.C. Jones, S.B. 1996, A comparison of (3-adrenoceptors and muscarinic cholinergic receptors in tissues of brown bullhead catfish Ameiurus nebulosus from die Black River and Old Woman Creek Ohio. Environ. Toxciol. Chem. 15 1551-1554. 

Changing the diet of a fish may change the behavior of conspecifics it interacts with subsequently. For instance, if one of a pair of male brown bullhead, I. nebulosus (a catfish), is removed from the tank and fed beef liver instead of the usual trout chow and then returned to his partner in their original tank, the resident will behave differently than if the same male is reintroduced without a diet change. The former tank mate is now a chemical stranger. The behavior changes include loss of territory and more activity by the smaller, manipulated fish and more aggression and activity by the resident fish. These diet-dependent odors are not specialized pheromones, and yet they are probably important social chemical cues in the natural territorial and dominance behavior of bullhead catfish. Body odor is the more appropriate term (Bryant and Atema, 1987). 

Brown bullhead, Ictalurus nebulosus Subjected to steadily increasing concentrations of waterborne cyanide over a 9-h period 200 at 1 h, 600 at 3 h, 1000 at 5 h, and 1800 at 9 h... 

Brown bullhead, Ictalurus nebulosus 13.2 in pond surface layer 1 h after treatment, <0.2 after 14 days... 

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