Sodium peroxide, and

Only chloric(III) acid, HCIO2, is definitely known to exist. It is formed as one of the products of the reaction of water with chlorine dioxide (see above). Its salts, for example NaClOj, are formed together with chlorates)V) by the action of chlorine dioxide on alkalis. Sodium chlorate(III) alone may be obtained by mixing aqueous solutions of sodium peroxide and chlorine dioxide ... 

Principle. An organic compound which contains chlorine is mixed with sodium peroxide and ignited in a closed metal bomb. The chlorine is thus converted to sodium chloride, and after acidification the chloride is estimated by the Volhard volumetric method. Bromine and iodine, when constituents of organic compounds similarly treated, are converted largely into sodium bromate and iodate respectively these ions are therefore subsequently reduced by hydrazine to bromide and iodide ions, and estimated as before. 

It is usually preferable to oxidise the compound directly as follows. Intimately mix 0 02-0 05 g. of the eompound with 3 g. of sodium peroxide and 2 g. of anhydrous sodium carbonate in a niekel erucible. Heat the crueible and its eontents with a small flame, gently at first, afterwards more strongly until the eontents are fused, and eontinue heating for a further 10 minutes. Allow to stand, extract the contents of the crucible with water, and filter. Add exeess of eoneentrated nitrie acid to the filtrate and test with ammonium molybdate reagent as above. A yellow preeipitate indicates the presenee of phosphorus. It must be borne in mind that the above treatment 1 eonvert any arsenie present into arsenate. 

Sodium bismuthate (oxidation of manganese) heat 20 parts of NaOH nearly to redness in an iron or nickel crucible, and add slowly 10 parts of basic bismuth nitrate which has been previously dried. Add 2 parts of sodium peroxide, and pour the brownish-yellow fused mass on an iron plate to cool. When cold break up in a mortar, extract with water, and collect on an asbestos filter. 

Of the binary peroxides made from hydrogen peroxide, calcium peroxide is the most important. World production is about 2000 t/yr, which is dominated by the dough-conditioning market in the United States. The markets for the other binary peroxides, such as those of zinc, magnesium, and strontium, total only a few hundred metric tons. Sodium peroxide and potassium superoxide are made from the alkaU metals and thek total markets are in the hundreds of tons. 

Oxygen can be made in foe laboratory by reacting sodium peroxide and water. 

Procedure. Dry some finely powdered pyrites at 100 °C for 1 hour. Place about 1 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate into the crucible, and weigh accurately into it 0.4-0.5 g of the pyrites. Add 5-6 g of sodium peroxide, and mix well with a... 

Exhaustive oxidation of sulphones to sulphate using a mixture of potassium chlorate, sodium peroxide and sugar in a bomb has also been recommended220. This procedure is known as the Parr method and produces a mixture of soluble alkali sulphates. 

A mixture of sodium peroxide and diethyl ether combusts when water is present. This accident is caused by ether oxidation by hydrogen peroxide, which is formed by the effect of water on alkaline peroxide. 

When phenylamine comes into contact with sodium peroxide and water (formation of hydrogen peroxide) it combusts spontaneously. 

Haslam et al. [32] reported the determination of Al in polyolefins by AAS. Typical AAS tests on rubber compounds involve several steps. The sample is combusted, and the resulting ash is dissolved in distilled de-ionised water. The solution is then used for AAS [126]. AAS or EDS can also be used for element analysis of filler particles. In order to determine the uniformity of tin compounds in polychloroprene after milling and pressing, Hornsby et al. [127] have ashed various pieces from one composition. After fusion of the residue with sodium peroxide and dissolution in HC1, the Sn content was determined by means of AAS. Typical industrial AAS measurements concern the determination of Ca in Ca stearate, Zn in Zn stearate, Ca- and Zn stearate in PE, Ca and Ti in PE film or Al and V in rubbers. 

Hydrogen sulfide is rapidly oxidised, and may ignite in contact with a range of metal oxides, including barium peroxide, chromium trioxide, copper oxide, lead dioxide, manganese dioxide, nickel oxide, silver(I) oxide, silver(II) oxide, sodium peroxide, and thallium(III) oxide. In the presence of air, contact with mixtures of calcium oxide or barium oxide with mercury oxide or nickel oxide may cause vivid incandescence or explosion. 

Cotton wool sprinkled with the peroxide (used in guard tubes) will ignite a few s after exposure to moist carbon dioxide. Exothermic interaction of sodium peroxide and carbon dioxide heats the cotton which then ignites in the liberated oxygen [1], Cotton contaminated with peroxide should not be stored under any circumstances as it may ignite with atmospheric carbon dioxide [2],... 

Bentzinger, von R. et al., Praxis Naturwiss. Chem., 1987, 36, 40 In a combustion demonstration, 50 g of sodium peroxide and half its volume of sago flour are cautiously mixed with a feather. Addition of a few drops of hot water immediately ignites the mixture, which bums vigorously. (The scale of the experiment, using 0.64 mol of sodium peroxide, seems excessive.)... 

Impact sensitivities of mixtures of red phosphorus with various oxidants were determined in a direct drop-ball method, which indicated higher sensitivities than those determined with an indirect striker mechanism. Mixtures with silver chlorate were most sensitive, those with bromates, chlorates and chlorites were extremely sensitive, and mixtures with sodium peroxide and potassium superoxide were more sensitive than those with barium, calcium, magnesium, strontium or zinc peroxides. Mixtures with perchlorates or iodates had sensitivities comparable to those of unmixed explosives, such as lead azide, 3,5-dinitrobenzenediazonium-2-oxide etc. 

Acid A process for making sodium perborate by reacting sodium borate ( borax ) with sodium peroxide and hydrochloric acid ... 

Duplex (2) A process for making sodium perborate from both sodium peroxide and hydrogen peroxide. Developed in the United States from the 1920s and used until the development of the present process, which uses hydrogen peroxide as the only source of the peroxygen. See also Acid. 

Other elements which occur in organic compounds, such as phosphorus, arsenic, other non-metals, and metals in organic combination, are detected by destroying the organic material by oxidation (with nitric acid in a sealed tube or by fusion with potassium nitrate or sodium peroxide) and then applying the usual tests. 

When recovered from the mineral osmiridium, the mineral is fused with zinc to convert it into a zinc alloy. The alloy is then treated with hydrochloric acid to dissolve the zinc away leaving a finely divided material. This finely divided sohd then is fused with sodium peroxide and caustic soda to convert osmium and ruthenium into their water-soluble sodium salts, sodium osmate and sodium iridate, respectively. While osmium is fully converted to osmate salt, most ruthemium and a small part of iridium are converted to ruthenate and iridate, respectively. The fused mass is leached with water to separate metals from sohd residues. 

Peroxides — Compounds containing the O2 ion are hazardous primarily as oxidizing agents but also as water reactives. An example is the liberation of oxygen from the mixture of sodium peroxide and water ... 

In addition to potassium hydrogen sulphate and sodium hydrogen sulphate8 for opening up the ore, potassium carbonate,9 sodium peroxide, and alkali hydroxides 10 have been employed. The use of potassium hydroxide is preferred in the case of a high-grade ore of low titanium content 11 it has the advantage over sodium hydroxide that potassium tantalates are soluble in solutions which contain excess of the alkali, whereas sodium tantalates are insoluble. 

Other methods for preparing peroxycarboxylic acids include (/) autoxidation of aldehydes. (2) reaction of acid chlorides, anhydrides, or boric-carboxylic anhydrides with hydrogen or sodium peroxide, and (3) basic hydrolysis or perhydrolysis of dtacyl peroxides. 

Sb2Os (c). Mixter9 measured the heat of the reactions of antimony and antimony pentoxide with sodium peroxide, and his data yield, for Sb205 (c), Q/=235.7. 

It is usually preferable to oxidise the compound directly as follows. Intimately mix 0.02-0.05 g of the compound with 3 g of sodium peroxide and 2 g of... 

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