Sodium oxoacid salts

Mixtures of the sulfoxide with metal salts of oxoacids are powerful explosives. Examples are aluminium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate and iron(III) nitrate [1], The water in hydrated oxosalts (aluminium perchlorate, iron(III) perchlorate, iron(III) nitrate) may be partially or totally replaced by dimethyl (or other) sulfoxide to give solvated salts useful as explosives [2], Metal nitrates and perchlorates solvated with DMSO are generally powerfully explosive, and under certain conditions a violent reaction is easily triggered [3], Several other explosions involving perchlorates and the sulfoxide have been reported. 

Table 24-5 lists the known oxoacids of the halogens, their sodium salts, and some trends in properties. Only three oxoacids, HCIO4, HIO3, and H5lO, have been isolated in anhydrous form. The others are known only in aqueous solution. In all these acids the H is bonded through an O. 

In the literature, there are reports of work concerned with the measurement of oxoacidic properties of ionic melts by gravimetric measurements of the solubility of acidic gases in these media [76, 77], The solubility of sulfur(VI) oxide in molten sodium phosphates was determined by the gravimetric method [76], A correlation was obtained between the melt basicities and the solubility of gaseous acid S03 in them. Iwamoto reported the estimation of the basic properties of molten salt by measurements of acidic gas solubilities (carbon dioxide and water) in them [77], However, similar methods cannot be used widely, owing to two factors. The first of these consists in the fact that the solubility of any gas in a liquid phase obeys Henry s law. Let us consider the following system of reactions ... 

SULFICYLBIS (METHANE) (67-68-5) CjHjOS (CH3)2S0 Combustible liquid [explosion limits in air (vol %) 2.6 to 63.0 flashpoint 203°F/95°C oc autoignition temp 419°F/215°C Fire Rating 2]. Violent or explosive reaction with strong oxidizers, acryl halides, aryl halides and related compounds, alkali metals p-bromobenzoyl acetanilide, boron compounds, especially hydrides iodine pentafluoride, magnesium perchlorate, methyl bromide, perchloric acid, periodic acid, silver fluoride, sodium hydride, potassium permanganate. Forms powerfully explosive mixtures with metal salts of oxoacids [iron(III)nitrate, phosphonic acid, sodium perchlorate]. On small fires, use dry chemicals or COj extinguishers. 

Reactivity and Incompatibility DMSO reacts violently with strong oxidizers, many acyl halides, boron hydrides, and alkali metals. DMSO can form explosive mixtures with metal salts of oxoacids (sodium perchlorate, iron(III) nitrate). 

Base catalysed ester hydrolysis gives the sodium salt of the p-oxoacid product. 

Phosphorus forms more oxoacids than any other element, and the number of oxoanions and 0x0 salts ranks second only to silicon. Phosphoric acid, H3PO4, ranks seventh among the top 50 chemicals in production, and sodium tripolyphosphate, NasPsOio, ranks just outside the top 50. NasPsOio may be regarded as a salt of triphosphoric acid, H5P3O10, whose structure is as follows ... 

Oxoacids of Phosphorus Phosphorus has many oxoacids, but the most important of these can be thought of as derivatives of orthophosphoric acid (often called simply phosphoric acid), H3PO4. Orthophosphoric acid is a colorless solid, melting at 42°C when pure. It is usually sold as an aqueous solution, however. Orthophosphoric acid is triprotic (three acidic H atoms per molecule) possible sodium salts are sodium... 

Commonly used oxidants in redox polymerization include peroxides, cerium(IV) salts, sodium hypochloride, persulfates, peroxydiphophate, and permanganate. Reducing agents are, for example, the salts of metals like Fe, Cr, Ce, Tf Co, Cu, oxoacids of sulfur, hydroxyacids,... 

The majority of acids are ternary compounds. They contain three different elements—hydrogen and two other nonmetals. If one of the nonmetals is oxygen, the acid is called an oxoacid. Think of oxoacids as combinations of hydrogen ions (H ) and oxoanions. The scheme for naming oxoacids is similar to that outlined for oxoanions, except that the ending -ous is used instead of -ite and -ic instead of -ate. Several oxoacids are listed in Table 3.6. Also listed are the names and formulas of compounds in which the hydrogen of the oxoacid has been replaced by a metal, such as sodium. These compounds are called salts we will say much more about them in later chapters, beginning in Chapter 5. Acids are molecular compounds, and salts are ionic compoimds. 

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