Smoking, hazard

Rate of heat calorimeters can be used to measure a number of the most important fire hazard parameters, including the peak rate of heat release, the total heat release, the time to ignition and smoke factor (a smoke hazard measure combining the total smoke released and the peak RHR [14, 18-20]). The smoke factor will give an... 

This work measured smoke and heat released from burning 17 materials, in the Cone and OSU and smoke in the NBS smoke chamber. Results from the RHR calorimeters correlate well with each other while those from the smoke chamber do not. This suggests that the smoke parameter and smoke factor, from either RHR calorimeter, are excellent measures of smoke hazard. 

The same hazard concept could, potentially, be used for full scale tests, multiplying the total heat released, per unit surface exposed, by the maximum smoke obscuration. This is the basis for the magnitude smoke hazard (Smoke Haz.), shown in Table II. It is of interest that smoke hazard results yield the same ranking as mass of soot formed. Cone calorimeter tests are being planned with the same materials used in the full scale tests to investigate the usefulness of this concept. 

Smoke parameter (in the Cone calorimeter) and smoke factor (in both calorimeters) are combined properties of smoke obscuration and heat release which compensate for the incomplete burning of fire retardant samples and which should predict smoke hazard in real fires. 

Zetterstrom O, Osterman K, Machado L Another smoking hazard Raised serum IgE concentration and increased risk of occupational allergy. BMJ 1981 283 1215-1217. (Ill)... 

Policastro, A.J. and Dunn, W.E., Survey and evaluation of field data suitable for smoke hazard model evaluation. Report ANL/ER-85-3, AD-A161 880, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 1985. 

Acetamide, acrylamide, and urethane were not inclnded in most of the reqnirements for Hoffmann analyte data as an indication of cigarette smoke hazard, for example, the Department of Health (Canada) proposal in 2000 (25A06). 

Rodgman, A. and C.R. Green Toxic chemicals in cigarette mainstream smoke- hazard and hoopla in Cigarette risk and the potential for risk reduction Proceedings of the 2002 CORESTA Congress, New Orleans, LA, pp. 2-52, see www.ijrtdocs.com 526909637 -9687 Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 20 (2003) 481-545. 

M. Sleiman, L.A. Gundel, J.F. Pankow, et al.. Formation of carcinogens indoors by surface-mediated reactions of nicotine with nitrous acid, leading to potential thirdhand smoke hazards, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107 (15) (2010) 6577-6581. 

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