Smog risk

The predictions for almost all communities in Canada include more violent winter storms, very high intensity rainfalls of short-duration, and extended heat waves with the accompanying increased risk of smog, wildfires, tree parasites, severe thunderstorms and tornadoes. Current structural design, farming,... 

Widespread smog, leading to diseases (respiratory, skin and eye), asphyxiation risks in confined spaces above point sources, and to reductions in visibility I a (Tec ling transport safety) (Sirachcr et til. 2002)... 

Even if smog were a risk to human life, we must remember that life in nature, without technology, is wholesale death. —Ayn Rand... 

These modelling systems are developed in order to fulfil several duties at DMI, e.g. (1) smog and ozone preparedness, (2) nuclear, veterinary, and chemical emergency preparedness and risk assessment, (3) birch pollen forecasting, and (4) research and development activities. 

Although ozone concentrations in the upper atmosphere play an important role in protecting Earth s surface from harmful UV radiation, ozone at its surface is a pollutant harmful to human health. Enhanced levels of surface ozone are often the result of automobile exhaust and pose a serious health risk. Eortunately, current levels of surface ozone (also known as smog) over most major cities have declined to healthier levels due in part to domestic and international governmental regulations, see also Atmospheric Chemistry. 

Fig. 4 Risk estimates fm long-term mortality associated with a 10 (ig/m increase in PM2 5 HSC refers to the extended Harvard Six Cities Study (Laden et al. 2006), ACS to the American Cancer Society Study (Pope et al. 2002), AHSMOG to the Adventist Health Stedy of Smog (McDonnell et al. 2000) and ACS/HSC Ext to the extended study of Eftim et al. (2008) at the same locations as ACS and HSC. CVD death caused by cardiovascular disease...

The EGA considers fossil fuel consumption, global warming potential, summer smog potential, acidification, eutrophication, carcinogenic risk, and human toxicity. The EGA did not consider waste generation or water consumption. To provide a more complete EGA, the waste generation and water consumption were calculated for each plastic based on reference sources. 

Ozone, a major constituent of smog, is a health hazard at ground level, increasing the risk of death from lung or heart disease. In the stratosphere, however, a layer of ozone shields the Earth from harmful solar radiation. 

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