Small experiments

Can be complex at first. Begin on small experiments and then expand to larger ones Poor understanding of the concepts and underlying methods can lead to poor results... 

Similar small experiments, demonstrating the sterilization of potable water, reduction in the hardness of water, degradation of phenol, amines, potassium iodide and indicators, degradation of complexes, formation of complexes may still be added as found in the preceding chapters of this book. 

It is conceivable that the quantity T(S — Sa) in (4) will have a more important effect than Qa in determining the likelihood that the system will make the transition from a to b. This will be the case, for example, if the activation energy is very small. Experience shows, however, that Qa is the most important quantity in the great majority of practical cases. 

In practice, if the lower state energy and the corresponding wave function are known accurately then the coupling matrix element (4>o H i) is small. Experience shows that, because the finite basis set approximation is more restrictive for than it is for o, the calculated excited state energy lies above the corresponding exact value. 

Tetrachloroethane was tested in one experiment in mice and in one in rats by oral administration. In mice, it produced hepatocellular carcinomas in males and females. It was inadequately tested by intraperitoneal administration in mice. In one small experiment in rats, no initiating but promoting activity of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane was found. 

Tetrachloroethane was tested for carcinogenicity by oral administration by gavage in one study in mice and one study in rats. An increased incidence of hepatocellular adenomas was observed in mice of each sex and of hepatocellular carcinomas in females. The experiment in male rats gave negative results and that in female rats was inconclusive. In one small experiment in rats, no initiating or promoting activity of... 

In the first design, a small L G ratio must be used. Since G cannot be increased beyond certain limitations (because of economics), L should be small. Experiments on cooling towers have indicated that their characteristics break sharply when L approaches a critical point varying with design. The... 

The experimental strategy used here is to perform a series of small experiments instead of a single comprehensive experiment. An univariate search was made in which only one variable was changed at a time. The information obtained in the earlier experiments performed during the univariant... 

For table-top demonstrations and/or small experiments, a direct-drive pump is excellent. Its portability, low vibration, and generally quiet operation is important. 

I presume this is all vanity, makes you so fond of reading about yourself. She examined my feet, put her fingers under my chin, and turned my face from side to side. You re doing better than I hoped. I ve small experience in the treatment of bums, thank the Lord, but I believe the air is the best cure, as it is for most things. ... 

Very little has been published on the electrolytic etching of semiconducting materials other than germanium and silicon. There probably have been many unpublished small experiments carried out to determine a suitable electropolishing process for many of the intermetallic semiconductors. Uhlir (36) for example, found that a largely nonaqueous HF solution suitable for electropolishing silicon would also electropolish GaSb. 

A small experiment in a semi-isolated guava thicket near Kilauea volcano on Hawaii failed to give significant control because of immigrating fertile females. 

Verification is a necessary step in DOE. Not only do you need to verify your best combinations, you also want to demonstrate that you can manipulate factors to produce a specific response. This is particularly true if the best combination of factors was predicted but not actually run during the experiment. You can verify the DOE results by running individual trials to confirm the best combinations. Or, you can run a small experiment using only a few of the signihcant factors to demonstrate your ability to change the response. 

One possible implication of Stites s assertion is that, in some circumstances, what I call the miniaturization of order may be substituted for the real thing. A facade or a small, easily managed zone of order and conformity may come to be an end in itself the representation may usurp the reality. Miniatures and small experiments have, of course, an important role in studying larger phenomena. Model aircraft built to scale and wind tunnels are essential steps in the design of new airplanes. But when the two are confused—when, say, the general mistakes the parade ground for the battlefield itself—the consequences are potentially disastrous. 

A small experiment exploring all three of these has been conducted using some of the HF measurements referred to earlier. Two computational procedures were used-about the worst and best easily available WRYALG2 standing for the Worst Routine You Are Likely to Get and ORTHO, whose double precision version will here be called DORTHO, a carefully planned routine originated at the National Bureau of Standards.3 There seemed no point to use WRYALG with double precision arithmetic, so only 3 of the 4 = 2 X 2 combinations of routine and precision were used. 

Problem The term empty flask may mean to the naked eye that neither a liquid nor a solid are present, but we know on the other hand that the flask is really filled with air. So one can pump out the entire air from a flask in this case the flask contains nothing . In order to reflect upon the empty flask , the following small experiments are carried out. 

Scatter in dose-response data The figure of the Stomoxys strains also illustrates the wide scatter expected for the response data. Each point is based on 20 individuals, i.e., more than 400 flies plus controls (60) were used in this small experiment. The scatter is formidable in spite of the great number of flies used. The reason is the stochastic nature of the outcome. For instance, the probability (P) of getting exactly 15 dead flies by using a dose that should kill 75% is only P = 0.203. It is much more probable that we get another "wrong" value. These results may be calculated from the binomial formula... 

Experimental Results. Equation 9 is in accord with the observation that the diffusion coefficient decreases with increasing concentration of water (5 - 8). The equation predicts that the diffusion coefficient should be inversely proportional to the square of the concentration of water neglecting the term diich is small. Experiments on natural... 

For analytical purposes, capsules of Berlin porcelain are by far the best implements, llie capsules should be very thin, with steep sides, spout for pouring, nearly fiat bottomed, and glazed throughout. Watch gla.sses answer for small experiments, but require to be very cautiously heated, as they are readily fractured. 

Adequate experiments on the effect of withdrawing oxygen do not seem to have been carried out yet. In a small experiment with detached belladonna leaves kept in the dark at 30 C., total alkaloids by the method of Allport and Wilson, were found to have increased slightly after 7 days... 

This is what happens in reality, although the energy difference is extremely small. Experiments with -decay have shown that nature breaks parity in weak interactions. Parity conservation law, therefore, has an approximate... 

The STEP Mission proposal was not selected for flight when the final NASA 2003 Small Experiments Mission selection was made. However, work on the technology of the mission continues and with the success of Gravity Probe B, which employs similar technology, it is hoped that STEP will someday be using aerogel to conduct fundamental physics experiments in space. 

Similarly, for intractable diarrhea in infants, there are no randomized controlled studies comparing TPN to starvation. However, two small experiences have been reported with 100% survival in an illness which historically has a 40% mortality rate (Hyman et al, 1971 Keating and Ternberg, 1971). The results of these and similar studies have made parenteral nutritional support an integral part of the therapy of this condition. 

A small experiment sample reads 200 mR/hr with the sample 1 foot under water and the meter at the surface of the water. A reading taken V2 hour ago with both the sample and the meter in the same positions was 400 mR/hr. Approximately how long will it take for the reading to drop to 20 mR/hr with the sample and the meter in the same positions ... 

When the amplitude of oscillations is sufficiently small, experiments show that the thickness, S, of the boundary layer does not depend on the amplitude 2a of the oscillations. Can you then provide a simple expression of the boundary layer... 

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