Sketch in place

Construction plane Rpj (Figure 4-16) is selected to define the location of creating a contour based feature. The contour is sketched in its final location by the method sketch in place. Construction by this method guarantees that all points of the contour he in the selected plane. Rp2 is defined to create a contour out of the existing shape. Line Rl is defined as a centerline for a subsequent shape modification. Rp acts as a split plane for the definition of the subtraction of volume Fy. A reference element may be created to control a shape such as a spine at sweeping. 

Construction of walls in model space, by sketch in place. 

The tube is a construct which we might continue to sketch around an emerging chain as it diffuses out of the original sleeve. Instead, it is convenient to start with the tube initially in place and consider how long it takes for the molecule to escape. The initial entanglements which determine the contours of the tube comprise a set of constraints from which the molecule is relaxing, even if only to diffuse into another similar set. Accordingly, we identify this reptation time as a relaxation time r for the molecule. 

Consider a planar premixed flame front, such as that sketched in Figure 5.1.1. For the moment, we will be interested only in long length scales and we will treat the flame as an infinitely thin interface that transforms cold reactive gas, at temperature and density T p, into hot burnt gas at temperature and density T, A.-The flame front propagates at speed Sl into the xmbumt gas. We place ourselves in the reference frame of the front, so cold gas enters the front at speed = Su and because of thermal expansion, the hot gases leave the front at velocity 14 = Sl(Po/a)- The density ratio, Po/Pb, is roughly equal to the... 

Let us consider how the skin is structured to better understand how this tissue performs some of its vital functions. Consider the cross section of the skin sketched in Fig. 1. This illustration shows the readily distinguishable layers of the skin, from the outside of the skin inwards the 10 pm thin, fully differentiated, devitalized outer epidermal layer called the stratum corneum the 100 pm thin live, cellular epidermis and the 1000 pm thin (1 mm thin) dermis. Note that all the thicknesses specified here are representative only, for the actual thickness of each stratum varies severalfold from place to place on the body. Dispersed... 

The very fact that the A-to-D conversion is a downhill process implies that a chain reaction may take place in the solution, in parallel to the electrode process (Scheme 2.12). After initiation by an electron (or a hole) coming from the electrode, the propagation loop involves the conversion of B into C and the oxidation of the latter by A. When > c, the solution electron transfer is a downhill reaction, whereas for , B < , c, it is an uphill reaction. It may, nevertheless, interfere in the latter case since the entire process is pulled by the B/C reaction. As sketched in Scheme 2.10, the interference of the solution electron transfer is more important for slower B/C conversion. More precisely, the factor governing the interference of the solution electron transfer is the same as in the ECE-DISP problem discussed in Section 2.2.4 (kecPA/ (Fv/ R-T)1/2. Apparently, disconcerting phenomena take place upon interference of the solution electron transfer, such as dips in the current-potential trace when (Figure 2.25a ) and trace crossing... 

In the cross-flow reactor a species B is introduced at several places in a reactor while species A is introduced at the entrance as sketched in Figure 4-16. What might be the benefits on selectivity and in autocatalytic reactions by this flow situation ... 

Reachons such as these usuahy take place in continuous reactors such as chip (memory or potato) processing lines, retorts, kilns, and conveyer belts in which the sohds pass through an oven with reactive gases such as air or perhaps in a fluidized sohd bed reactor as in the shot from guns puffed rice and other grain cereals or in a slurry reactor such as a vegetable oil or fat fryer. Some typical sohds reactors are sketched in Figure 9-2. 

These complexes are effective catalysts in epoxidation reactions with H2O2 and alkyl hydroperoxides. Several detailed mechanistic studies have been carried out in particular, it has been shown that, when the alkyl chain contains a double bond, no autoepoxidation is observed both in the solid state and in solution. Nevertheless, if f-BuOOH is added, the epoxidation of the olefinic moiety immediately takes place. Therefore, it has been suggested that these complexes are not the active species in the oxygen transfer step to the substrate, but they behave as catalysts for the primary peroxidic oxidant. On the basis of kinetic, spectroscopic and theoretical studies, the authors provided a mechanism, whose key steps are sketched in Scheme 12. In this context a major role appears to be played by the fluxionality of the particular ligands used . ... 

The author of Ten books on Architecture, Vitruvius Pollio, of the first century, B.C. alludes in places to the elements, as for instance in the following historical sketch ... 

The principles of the calculation by means of the cascade theory is sketched in Fig. 58 and compared with the random polycondensation. Instead of selecting a single monomeric unit as root of a tree, a whole primary chain is placed on the zero-th generation, and the same is done for all the other primary chains from the cross-linked polymer. 

The ubiquity of this power-law behaviour in SCG tests on PE has been the subject of considerable discussion, usually based on the assumption of a fibril creep failure mechanism [43, 45, 46, 47, 76, 79]. At high and intermediate K, after a certain induction period, steady-state crack advance is generally observed to occur by a stick-slip mechanism all or part of the fibrillar zone breaks down rapidly after an incubation time during which fibril creep takes place. The crack-tip then advances rapidly over a short distance and a new fibrillar zone stabilises, as sketched in Fig. 12. 

When a low frequency AC electric field is imposed, the particle oscillates around its mean position and platy particles may become optimally aligned with the field. At high frequencies, neither particle shift nor alignment takes place. However, translational movement of dispersed particles can be attained in an asymmetric AC field (without a DC component). The observed drift is attributed to the velocity-dependent viscous drag force in relation to double layer polarization as sketched in Figure 2 for reference, bacteria swim at 0.02-1 mm/s. For more details see Palomino [2], The field frequency co must be low enough such that ionic concentrations and hydrodynamic fields may adjust to... 

The one-dimensional Brownian motion takes place in a potential, as sketched in Fig. 11.0.2, where the well at ra refers to the reactants, rf, to the transition state, and rc to the products. 

As before, (Av) and ((Av)2) may be determined from the Langevin equation. It differs slightly from the Langevin equation in Eq. (11.5), since the motion takes place in an external potential U(r), as sketched in Fig. 11.0.2. This is the potential from the gas phase modified by the interactions from the solvent molecules. 

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