Site mixing

Basic raw materials are susceptible to hydration and therefore specialty products are shipped dry and mixed with water on-site for gunning or ramming. Certain basic specialties are offered with organic vehicles such as oils and can be used without on-site mixing. Information on manufacturing can be found in References 26—30. 

Among the hazardous chemical weapons scheduled class 1-3, methyl isocyanate becoming more and more important as a precursor [83]. This is just one among a number of substances which could be made via micro-reactor synthesis. Especially in the case of so-called binary weapons, where two relatively harmless substances are mixed to give a weapon, on-site mixing is demanded this can be accomplished with high performance by micro reactors. Pocket-sized miniature plants can neither be monitored nor detected. 

Stoesell, R.K. (1984) Regular solution site-mixing model for chlorites. Clays Clay Minerals, 32, 205-212. 

Ulbrich and Waldbaum [14] pointed out that calorimetrically determined third law entropies for many geologically important minerals may be in error because site mixing among cations, magnetic spin disorder, and disorder among water molecules in the crystals is frozen in the samples used for calorimetric measurements. They have calculated corrections based on known crystallographic data for several minerals. 

Figure 539 Intracrystalline distribution of Fe +-Mg + between Y(Ml, M2, M3) and M4 sites in natural cummingtonites. (A) Regular site-mixing model. (B) Ideal site-mixing model. (C) Arrhenius plot of equilibrium constant.

We recall to this purpose that ideal site mixing does not necessarily mean that the mixture as a whole is ideal, but that the intracrystalline site distribution may be described by a constant (without the necessity of introducing site-interaction parameters cf equation 5.109, for example). Generally speaking, if the adopted constant differs from 1 (as in the case of sodic amphiboles in figure 5.40 and of cummingtonites in figure 5.39), the mixture as a whole is obviously nonideal because site permutability does not reach the maximum value attained by the ideal condition (cf section 3.8.1). 

It is important to emphasize here that, theoretically, if a solid mixture is ideal, intracrystalline distribution is completely random (cf section 3.8.1) and, in these conditions, the intracrystalline distribution constant is always 1 and coincides with the equilibrium constant. If the mixture is nonideal, we may observe some ordering on sites, but intracrystalline distribution may still be described without site interaction parameters. We have seen in section 5.5.4, for instance, that the distribution of Fe and Mg on Ml and M3 sites of riebeckite-glaucophane amphiboles may be approached by an ideal site mixing model—i.e.. 

One of the most significant events in explosives history has been the development of the IRECO Chemicals Site-Mixed-Slurry (SMS) system, commonly referred to as the pump truck system, which is today the safest blasting system known. Nonexplosive raw materials are carried by the pump truck from the storage area to the borehole site where they then become an explosive capable... 

The disadvantages of on-site mixing of AN St FO can be avoided if the AN (93—96 parts) is kneaded in a mixer with colloidal grease (1—4 parts), such as naphtha or petroleum thickened with stearic acid and glycerol which contains 1—4 ps powd Al, B,... 

SMS Space launch vehicle Site mixed slurry... 

Reversible inhibition of an enzyme is competitive, uncompetitive, or mixed. Competitive inhibitors compete with substrate by binding reversibly to the active site, but they are not transformed by the enzyme. Uncompetitive inhibitors bind only to the ES complex, at a site distinct from the active site. Mixed inhibitors bind to either E or ES, again at a site distinct from the active site. In irreversible inhibition an inhibitor binds permanently to an active site by forming a covalent bond or a veiy stable noncovalent interaction. 

A common feature of metal clusters is their stereochemical nonrigidity, in which carbonyl and hydride ligands exchange their coordination sites. Mixed-metal clusters are ideally suited for studies of the fluxional processes in clusters because of the low symmetry inherent in their metal framework. In such clusters, the majority of the ligands are in chemically nonequivalent positions and should thus be distinguishable by NMR... 

For the calculation of solid-solution mineral behavior, two conceptual models may be used the end-member model (arbitrary mixing of two or more phases) and the site-mixing model (substituting elements can replace certain elements only at certain sites within the crystal structure). 

In the version 7.2 of the program EQ 3/6, the modeling of solid-solution minerals using end-member and site-mixing models (chapter 1.1.4.1.3) had been already realized compared to the PHREEQC version from 1995. Table 20 represents the solid-solution minerals that are considered in Gemboch s data set of EQ 3/6. Using the concept of solid-solution minerals, surface complexation can be modeled as well. 

Microballoons 217 Micrograin = solid fuel consisting of zinc powder and sulfur (USA) Miedziankit = one site mixed chlorate explosive (german) (now obsolete) 58... 

DEMOLITIONS - Not suitable due to the volatile nature and relative low velocity of detonation. For more about usage, see prilled An-fuel oil explosive. Volatility could be overcome to some extent if necessary by on site mixing and immediate use ... 

Despite its efficacy, Sandia foam has a number of drawbacks for field use by the soldier. First, it must be stored as separate components, which would require a rapid, personal, on-site mixing chamber for combining the two solutions. Second, the presence of hydrogen peroxide, a strong oxidizing agent, precludes its use near the eye, and would create much discomfort if used in a wound (Watt et al., 2004). To partially address these concerns, Sandia developed the formulation DF-200, which in part contains less hydrogen peroxide and surfactant. 

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