Single-wall carbon nanotubes characterization

T., and Wiesendanger, R. (2004) Atomic-resolution dynamic force microscopy and spectroscopy of a single-walled carbon nanotube characterization of interatomic van der Waals forces. Phys. Rev. Lett., 93, 136101. 

H. Dohi, S. Kikuchi, S. Kuwahara, T. Sugai, and H. Shinohara, Synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of single-wall carbon nanotubes wrapped by gly-coconjugate polymer with bioactive sugars, Chem. Phys. Lett., 428 (2006) 98-101. 

Chiang, I.W., Brinson, B.E., Smalley, R.E., Margrave, J.L., and Hauge, R.H. (2001) Purification and characterization of single-wall carbon nanotubes./. Phys. Chem. B105, 1157-1161. 

P. He and M. Bayachou, Layer-by-layer fabrication and characterization of DNA-wrapped single-walled carbon nanotube particles. Langmuir 21, 6086-6092 (2005). 

C.Y. Liu, A.J. Bard, F. Wudl, I. Weitz, and J.R. Heath, Electrochemical characterization of films of single-walled carbon nanotubes and their possible application in supercapacitors. Electrochem. Solid... 

C. Hu, X. Chen, and S. Hu, Water-soluble single-walled carbon nanotubes films preparation, characterization and applications as electrochemical sensing films. J. Electroanal. Chem. 586, 77-85 (2006). 

G. Chambers, C. Carroll, G.F. Farrell, A.B. Dalton, M. McNamara, M.I.H. Panhuis, and H.J. Byrne, Characterization of the interaction of gamma cyclodextrin with single-walled carbon nanotubes. Nano... 

Review on Catalytic Chemical Vapour Deposition (CCVD) Growth of Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes and their Characterization... 

Zorbas V, Ortiz-Acevedo A, Dalton AB, Yoshida MM, Dieckmann GR, Draper RK, Baughman RH, Jose-Yacaman M, Musselman IH (2004) Preparation and characterization of individual peptide-wrapped single-walled carbon nanotubes. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126 7222-7227. 

Zhao B, Hu H, Yu AP, Perea D, Haddon RC (2005). Synthesis and characterization of water soluble single-walled carbon nanotube graft copolymers. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127 8197-8203. 

Zhao, H., et al., Synthesis, characterization, and photophysical properties of covalent-linked ferrocene-porphyrin-single-walled carbon nanotube triad hybrid. Carbon, 2012. 50(13) ... 

Herranz, M.A., et al., Spectroscopic characterization of photolytically generated radical ion pairs in single-wall carbon nanotubes bearing surface-immobilized tetrathiafulvalenes. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2007.130(1) p. 66-73. 

Chromatographic approaches have been also used to separate nanoparticles from samples coupled to different detectors, such as ICP-MS, MS, DLS. The best known technique for size separation is size exclusion chromatography (SEC). A size exclusion column is packed with porous beads, as the stationary phase, which retain particles, depending on their size and shape. This method has been applied to the size characterization of quantum dots, single-walled carbon nanotubes, and polystyrene nanoparticles [168, 169]. Another approach is hydro-dynamic chromatography (HDC), which separates particles based on their hydro-dynamic radius. HDC has been connected to the most common UV-Vis detector for the size characterization of nanoparticles, colloidal suspensions, and biomolecules [170-172]. 

Zhang L, Tu X, Welsher K et al (2009) Optical characterizations and electronic devices of nearly pure (10,5) single-walled carbon nanotubes. J Am Chem Soc 131 2454-2455... 

Martin-Femandez I, Sansa M, Esplandiu MJ et al (2010) Massive manufacture and characterization of single-walled carbon nanotube field effect transistors. Microelectron Eng 87 1554-1556... 

In section 11D, we showed the sensitivity of TERS to distinguish different molecules by focusing on characteristic vibration modes of each molecule. In this section, we show another capability of TERS to characterize the structural difference of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) as a sample. 

Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) can be prepared by laser-vaporization of a graphite source. A newer process uses carbon monoxide as the source of the carbon and is called the HiPco process. The catalyst is generated in situ from iron carbonyl. The SWNTs from the HiPco process are characterized by a smaller diameter and exhibit greater reactivity with organic reagents. 

A test matrix of about 20 different carbon samples, including commercial carbon fibers and fiber composites, graphite nanofibers, carbon nanowebs and single walled carbon nanotubes was assembled. The sorbents were chosen to represent a large variation in surface areas and micropore volumes. Both non-porous materials, such as graphites, and microporous sorbents, such as activated carbons, were selected. Characterization via N2 adsorption at 77 K was conducted on the majority of the samples for this a Quantachrome Autosorb-1 system was used. The results of the N2 and H2 physisorption measurements are shown in Table 2. In the table CNF is used to designate carbon nanofibers, ACF is used for activated carbon fibers and AC for activated carbon. 

Villalpando-Paez, F. Zamudio, A. Elias, A. L. Son, H. 8arros, E. B. Chou, 5. G. Kim, Y. A. Muramatsu, H. Hayashi, T. Kong, J. ei al. Synthesis and Characterization of Long Strands of Nitrogen-Doped Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. Chem. Phys. Lett. 2006, 424, 34S-3S2. 

McGuire, K. Gothard, N. Gai, P. L. Dresselhaus, M. 5. Sumanasekera, G. Rao, A. M. Synthesis and Raman Characterization of Boron-Doped Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. Carbon 2005, 43, 219-227. 

The resolution of SEMs is now suitable for nano-materials characterization. High resolution SEM is a powerful instrument for imaging fine structures of materials and nanoparticles fabricated by nanotechnology. In lens SE, BSE modes, and STEM mode are often performed to check the structure of CNT growths or CNT as delivered by commercial producers, and sometimes coupled with TEM. Even the single-walled carbon nanotubes can easily be observed by HR-SEM (see Figure 3.13). The STEM mode can also be used for free CNT observation (75). 

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