Single European market

Mossialos, E. (1998), Pharmaceutical pricing, financing and cost containment in the European Union Member States , in R. Leidl (ed.), Health Care and its Financing in the Single European Market, Amsterdam IOS Press. 

Mossialos, E., P. Kanavos and B. Abel-Smith (1994), The impact of the single European Market on the pharmaceutical sector , in E. Mossialos (ed.), Cost Containment, Pricing and Financing of Pharmaceuticals in the European Community the Policy-makers View, London London School of Economics and Pharmetrica SA, pp. 17-87. 

The national drag register functions as a technical barrier to trade. This conclusion is partly related to the fact that after eight years of efforts the pharmaceutical industry was considered to be the single European market s greatest failure. 

Rovira, J. (1996), Are national drug expenditure control policies compatible witha single European market , PharmacoEconomics, 10 (supplement 2), 4-13. 

Darba, J. (1999), The impact of the single European market on the structure, conduct and dynamics of the pharmaceutical sector, doctoral thesis. Universidad de Barcelona Barcelona. 

Developing efficient and transparent procedures to allow timely access by users to innovative medicines through a single European marketing authorization and... 

New Approach Directives, as yet, cover up to 25 products or groups of products specifying the essential requirements with regard to health, safety and enviromnental issues. The concept of the New Approach in association with Technical Notification promotes aims related to the establishment of the single european market. 

The export disincentive is becoming increasingly relevant in the context of the single European market, where the number of manufacturing facilities is being reduced by many multinationals and those that remain acquire substantial export business within the Community. 

In Europe, prior to the CE mark, medical devices were registered in individual countries, each having a set of specific registration requirements. In June 1993, the Council of European Communities issued the medical device directive (MDD), which has been transposed into national laws throughout the EC. The purpose of adoption of the MDD was to allow the health care industry to benefit from the advantages of a single European market and allow products to circulate freely in the EC without additional technical constraints issued by the various member states. 

EMEA. EMEA s mission is to contribute to the protection and promotion of public and animal health by providing high-quality evaluation of medicinal products. Its goal is to develop a single European marketing authorization controlling the safety of medicines for humans and animals. 

Article lOOA is primarily concerned with measures needed to create the Single European Market by the end of 1992 these measures are largely concerned in turn with the free movement of goods within the common market . Barriers to free movement arise because individual countries see fit to place restrictions on the sale (or importation) of products and many of the restrictions relate to health and safety, eg, how toxic substances are to be labelled, standards for equipment so as to prevent injury in use, etc. It follows, therefore, that many of the Article lOOA Directives have a direct impact on the control of toxic substances in the workplace, and HSE is, where appropriate, closely involved in their negotiation. 

The purpose in harmonizing British and European Standards is to help develop a single European market economy so that there are no trade barriers to electrical goods and services across the European Economic Area. 

There are many methods and standards and these are being refined as markets expand. The formation of the single European market is providing a strong commercial incentive to reach agreement at an international level both within the market and with other trading areas. 

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