Single crystals crystal growth

Controlled crystallization Natural and synthetic single crystals Crystal growth from solutions, gels and by coarsening of solids... 

By beginning with methane, the diamonds formed have only in them. These tiny diamonds may then be used as the carbon source to form large (5 mm) single crystals by growth from molten catalyst metal in a temperature gradient. The resulting nearly pure crystals have outstanding thermal conductivities suitable for special appHcations as windows and heat sinks (24). 

Growth of single crystals. Crystals of the aluminum selenide halides (needles, maximum length 15 mm) were grown by vapor transport in sealed ampoules between two temperatures (380 and 320°C for Al-SeCl, and 350 and 300°C for AlSeBr and AlSel) over a period of two months. A large excess of the halogenide was used (266). 

MBE (molecular beam epitaxy), which involves epitaxial growth of thin films on either the same material as substrate (homoepitaxial) or a lattice-matched substrate (heteroepitaxial) the heated substrate reacts with a molecular beam of compounds containing the constituent elements of the semiconductor as well as any dopants the resultant film is essentially a single crystal slow growth rates produce films from a few nanometers thick to at most several hundred nanometers that have very high purity and controlled levels of dopants. 

Single-jet crystal growth method, 19 179 Single-junction crystalline solar cells, 23 41-42... 

Aspects of nucleation, growth of a single crystal, volume growth, and coarsening processes are discussed in greater depth in Chapter 4. It will be seen that although some of these processes can be quantified well, it is not possible yet to quantitatively predict the kinetics of many of these processes. 

Explain how to shape single crystals during growth. 

FIG. 24 Transmission electron micrographs of a PBl single crystal, showing growth spirals. (Reprinted from Ref. 205.)... 

JD Parsons. Single crystal epitaxial growth of P-SiC for devices and integrated circut applications. 

Growth of metal single crystals Directional growth studies in research Ingot solidification... 

Chen, D. R, Maljuk, A. Lin, C. T. Floating zone growth of lithium iron(II) phosphate single crystals./. Cryst. Growth, 284,86-90 (2005). 

Whiskers are single crystals with growth directions parallel to dislocation glide vectors... 

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