Applying Phase Diagrams to Single-Crystal Growth

10 APPLYING PHASE DIAGRAMS TO SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH 

Cubic BaTiOs can, however, be grown from a melt composition containing 35mol% BaO and 65mol% Ti02, which solidifies below 1460°C, the temperature below which the cubic form is stable. The melt is held just above its solidification temperature, a seed crystal is dipped into its surface, and the crystal is pulled from the melt at a rate of 0.5-1.0 mm/h. The seed crystal is rotated during growth 

An autoclave is a thick-walled vessel, usually made of steel, which allows us to carry out reactions under pressure and at high temperatures. (The original definition implied a self-closing vessel with internal pressure sealing its joints the closure is now made externally.) 

If the desired compound melts incongruently it is often easier just to use a technique like flux growth to obtain single crystals. 

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