Silkmoth

The distal part of these receptor cells, the dendrites (0.1-0.5 pm in diameter), extend into the hair lumen (Fig. 3), whereas their axons are connected directly to the antennal lobes in the brain where they make the first synaptic contacts. In the giant silkmoth, Antheraeapolyphemus,for example, each male... 

In 1965 the first juvenile hormone was isolated and it was synthesized in 1967. The substance studied was methyl trcms, trans, ciy-lO-epoxy-7-ethyl-3, 1 l-dimethyl-2,6-tridecadienoate from the male silkmoth. 

From study of peptides formed by partial hydrolysis of the 32P-labeled chymotrypsin, the sequence of amino acids surrounding the reactive serine was established and serine 195 was identified as the residue whose side chain hydroxyl group became phosphorylated. The same sequence Gly-Asp-Ser-Gly was soon discovered around reactive serine residues in trypsin, thrombin, elastase, and in the trypsin-like cocoonase used by silkmoths to escape from their cocoons.198 We know now that these are only a few of the enzymes in a very large family of serine proteases, most of which have related active site sequences.199 200 Among these are thrombin and other enzymes of the blood-clotting cascade (Fig. 12-17), proteases of lysosomes, and secreted proteases. 

Bette S. Breer H. and Krieger J. (2002) Probing a pheromone binding protein of the silkmoth Antheraea polyphemus by endogenous tryptophan fluorescence. Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. 32, 241-246. 

Kasang G. (1971) Bombykol reception and metabolism on the antennae of the silkmoth Bombyx mori. In Gustation and Olfaction, eds Ohloff G. and Thomas A. F., pp. 245-250. Academic Press, New York. 

Vanderwel D. and Oehlschlager A. C. (1987) Biosynthesis of pheromones and endocrine regulation of pheromone production in Coleoptera. In Pheromone Biochemistry, eds G. J. Blomquist and G. D. Prestwich, pp. 175-215. Academic Press, Orlando, FL. Villet R. H. (1974) Involvement of amino and sylfhydryl groups in olfactory transduction in silkmoths. Nature 248, 707-709. 

Vogel S. (1983). How much air passes through a silkmoth s antenna Journal of Insect Physiology 29, 597-602. 

Fonagy A., Yokoyama N. and Matsumoto S. (2001) Physiological status and change of cytoplasmic lipid droplets in the pheromone-producing cells of the silkmoth, Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera, Bombycidae). Arthr. Str. Fund. 30, 113-123. 

Pheromone-producing cells in the silkmoth, Bombyx mori identification and their morphological changes in response to pheromonotropic stimuli. J. Insect Physiol. 46, 735-744. 

Kitamura A., Nagasawa H., Kataoka H., Ando T. and Suzuki A. (1990) Amino acid sequence of pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide-II (PBAN-II) of the silkmoth, Bombyx mori. Agric. Biol. Chem. Tokyo 54, 2495-2497. 

Breer H., Krieger J. and Raming K. (1990) A novel class of binding proteins in the antennae of the silkmoth Antheraea pernyi. Insect Biochem. 20, 735-740. 

Maida R., Krieger J., Gebauer T., Lange U. and Ziegelberger G. (2000) Three pheromonebinding proteins in olfactory sensilla of the two silkmoth species Antheraea polyphemus and Antheraea pemyi. Eur. J. Biochem. 267, 2899-2908. 

In moths, pheromones are detected by a compound nose (Steinbrecht, 1999), i.e. a network of hair-like sensilla distributed over the surface of the antennae. For example, in the wild silkmoth, Antheraea polyphemus, each male antenna... 

Keil T. A. (1984a) Reconstruction and morphometry of the silkmoth olfactory hairs a comparative study of sensilla trichodea on the antennae of male Antheraea polyphemus and A. Pernyi (Insecta Lepidoptera). Zoomorphologie 104, 147-156. 

Keil T. A. (1984b) Surface coats of pore tubules and olfactory sensory dendrites of a silkmoth revealed by cationic markers. Tissue Cell 16, 705-715. 

Laue M., Steinbrecht R. A. and Ziegelberger G. (1994) Immunocytochemical localization of general odorant-binding protein in olfactory sensilla of the silkmoth Anteraea polyphemus. Naturwissenschaften 81, 178-180. 

Ziegelberger G. (1995) Redox-shift of the pheromone-binding protein in the silkmoth... 

Keil T. A. (1982) Contacts of pore tubules and sensory dendrites in antennal chemosensilla of a silkmoth demonstration of a possible pathway for olfactory molecules. Tissue Cell 14, 451 462. 

Schneider D., Kasang G. and Kaissling K.-E. (1968) Bestimmung der Riechschwelle von Bombyx mori mit Tritium-markiertem Bombykol. Naturwissenschaften 55, 395. Steinbrecht R. A., Laue M. and Ziegelberger G. (1995) Immunolocalization of pheromonebinding protein and general odorant-binding protein in olfactory sensilla of the silkmoths Antheraea and Bombyx. Cell Tissue Res. 282, 203-217. 

Heinbockel T. and Kaissling K. E. (1996) Variability of olfactory receptor neuron responses of female silkmoths (Bombyx mori L.) to benzoic acid and (+/-)-linalool. J. Insect Physiol. 42, 565-578. 

Pophof B. (1997) Olfactory responses record from sensilla coeloconica of the silkmoth Bombyx mori. Physiol. Entomol. 22, 239-248. 

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