Signal Encoding

Most of the commercially available NMR imaging probes have an accessible clear bore above and below the coil, which can be used for remote signal encoding. A detection-only probe can be inserted from the top into the bore of the magnet in such a way that the detection coil sits immediately above the imaging coil [Figure 2.6.5 (c)]. Similarly, an rf probe with a narrow body can be built that can be inserted into the... 

Another type of flow artifact is due to voxel inflow and outflow problems large velocities make a spin leave its designated voxel in the time between signal encoding and signal readout. As the traveled distance d and the velocity v are related by the expression d = vt, it is obvious that the effect is more severe, the smaller the voxel size is. Slow velocities, on the other hand, may be masked by diffusive displacements. 

The trp operon attenuation mechanism uses signals encoded in four sequences within a 162 nucleotide leader region at the 5 end of the mRNA, preceding the initiation codon of the first gene (Fig. 28-21a). Within the leader lies a region known as the attenuator, made up of sequences 3 and 4. These sequences base-pair to... 

Figure 6. A pulse sequence for a two-dimensional Fourier imaging using a spin echo. A Gy gradient for a fixed period is imposed for a "phase" modulation to the signal, encoding position dependent information along the y-axis. The magnitude of Gy gradient is varied with a fixed increment for each scan of the sequence.

There is great interest in preparing materials which could facilitate the development of electrooptic devices. Such devices could permit broad band optical signal encoding so that telephone, data, television, and even higher frequency transmissions could simultaneously be sent down a single optical fiber. The nonlinear optical process which makes this possible is the linear electrooptic effect (EO). It is based on the first field nonlinearities (Z ) of the molecular dipole moment, / ,... 

The leader sequence has an AUG codon that is in-phase with a UGA stop codon together these start-stop signals encode a polypeptide of 14 amino acids. The leader sequence has an interesting feature—at positions 10 and 11 are two adjacent tryptophan codons. 

Costa, M, Wilson, E., and Wieschaus, E. (1994). A putative cell signal encoded by the folded gastrulation gene coordinates cell shape changes during Drosophila gastrulation. Cell 76 1075-1089. 

We need to develop gene prediction approaches that are based significantly on the recognition of functional signals encoded in the gene sequence. 

CIPHERING AND DICEPHERING SIGNALS ENCODED IN SEQUENCES OF DROPLETS... 

Multiplexer—Device which takes a number of input signals, encodes them and transmits them over fewer output signal wires. It is used to reduce the number of wires in long transmission systems. The original signals are regained by a demultiplexer at the receiving end. 

---