Siemens burner

Fig. 5.1-2. Oil-heated, continuously operated Siemens-melter. a) coaling b) burner with atomizer c) melting zone d) burner block e) outlet f) refining zone g) regenerators h) lining with refractory materials i) gas reversal mechanism j) chimney valve k) air inlet flue gas chimney...

The next major improvement was the development of the Siemens or open hearth furnace. Unlike the Bessemer furnace, which relied solely upon the oxidation of various elements in the bath for heat, the open hearth furnace was fired by burners, which allowed for external fuel to add considerable melting power to the process. The most important aspect of the open hearth process was its use of preheated air. Without air preheating, the metal would have melted very slowly, if at all. The air preheating occurred in refractory brick checkers (or checker-work) located under... 

Siemens-type continuous tanks are heated by combinations of heavy fuel oil and air or gas and air. Cold air is blown into a regenerative chamber set A by fans, forced air inlet valves, and dampers (see Figure 22.2, setting a). Thus, it is heated to ca. 1200°C. Then it is mixed with liquid fuel or gas and burned in the respective burners [14,18,43]. The water-cooled burners form flames, which bum across the bath. Temperatures at the roof above the center of the flame can reach up to 1700°C. 

Burner Management System SIMATIC BMS400F Brochure Process Automation System, April 2010. http //www. industry. usa.siemens.com/verticals/us/en/chemical/Documents/ hmshrochure.pdf. 

Figure 6.9 Schematic drawing of Siemens combined burner for coai gasification 1 -pulverized coal, 2 - oxygen (and steam if used), 3 - pilot fuel, 4 - pilot oxygen, 5 - ignition device and flame detector, 6 - spiral inlet duct gap, 7 - water-cooled parts, 8 - burner tip [42].

Figure 6.10 Granted patent for several burner arrangements for a 1500 MW Siemens reactor (pilot burner always in central top position) (a) three burners in a single central...

As in all plants built, a pilot burner was integrated into the present study this requires 1.4-3.4% of the input coal LHV as support fuel (1.4% for Pitt 8 and 3.4% for ash-rich SAf coal). In the verification case, natural gas is the support fuel. To compare the gasifier models, recycled dry syngas is used as indicated (Lamp, J. (2010) Technical tour on Siemens test facility, personal note). The heat loss from the reaction chamber was also adjusted to 2.5% of the coal LHV input in accordance with the reports from the Schwarze Pumpe facilities [35,50,51,54]. 

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