Gasification Process, Shell

The membrane wall s life was estimated to be over 25 years. The process can handle a wide variety of solid feedstocks, including lignite, brown coal, subbituminous coal, bituminous coal, anthracite, and petroleum coke. This gasifier can handle different coal types and is relatively insensitive to the size, condition, or other physical properties of the raw coal. 

Item Design Value Change Scope Demonstration Value 

The cooled syngas is filtered using ceramic filters. About 50% of the cooled syngas is then recycled to the top of the gasifier to act as the quenching medium for the gas. The remainder is washed to remove halides and NH3 and then sent to the downstream AGR system. 

Typical process data from the Shell gasifier are shown in Table 4.11.38 

The major benefits of Shell s gasification technology are the following  

---

The main features of the Shell gasification process are illustrated in Figure 3.7. 

SGP [Shell gasification process] A process for converting fuel oils into syngas the sulfur is isolated as the element. Developed by Shell, Amsterdam, from the 1950s and now widely used. Licensed by Lurgi 01 Gas Chemie. 

Baker, D. C., Projected Emissions of Hazardous Air Pollutants from a Shell Gasification Process - Combined-Cycle Power Plant, Fuel, Volume 73, No. 7, July 1994. 

Battery grade carbon blacks produced by a specially designed partial combustion process include the ENSACO/SUPER P carbon black and the by-products of the Shell gasification process, known as Ketjen Black.74 78... 

In the Shell gasification process, no catalyst is used. The preheated feeds react with H20 and less than stoichiometric amounts of 02 in the reactor s combustion section at 30 to 80 bar and 1200 to 1500°C. The heat generated is used to steam reform the oil. Soot, which is formed from a small portion of the oil, is removed from the synthesis gas by washing with water or oil and is made into pellets46. The process can also produce elemental sulfur. 

CALVIN L. REED is a staff engineer with the Shell Oil Company in Houston, TX. His responsibilities include process engineering and sales work with respect to the licensing of the Shell Gasification Process. Mr. Reed received his BA from Albion College and his BS in Chemical Engineering from the University of Michigan. 

The synthesis gas product from the Shell Gasification Process (SGP) unit is treated for sulfur removal in a Shell Sulfinol unit. The CO-Shift unit includes high-temperature shift cata-... 

GASIFICATION OF HEAVY FUEL OIL Shell Gasification Process... 

SHELL GASIFICATION PROCESS AND SULFINOL PRODUCT GAS COMPOSITIONS AND RATES... 

The Shell Gasification Process (SGP) is a highly versatile, well-proven, system for producing synthesis gas (H2+CO) from virtually any available fluid hydrocarbon feedstock ranging from natural gas to asphalt. This feedstock flexibility feature can be especially valuable in times of hydrocarbon scarcity. 

Shell Gasification Process. Shell s experience with coal gasification started with operation of a 6-ton/day pilot plant in Amsterdam. This was followed by a 150-ton/day unit in Hamburg, Germany, and a 250-400-ton/day unit in Houston, TX. This led to the successful operation of a 2000-ton/day commercial unit. 

The noncatalytic partial oxidation of hydrocarbons by the Shell gasification process (SGP) takes place in a refractory-lined reactor that uses a specially designed burner. The oxidant is preheated and then mixed with steam... 

FIGURE 1.2 Petrochemical processing of petroleum into different products. (From Shell Gasification Process, available at www.uhde.biz, August 10, 2005. With permission.)... 

Information, Shell Gasification Process, available at www.uhde.biz, August 10, 2005. 

Information, available at www.shell Gasification Process, August 3, 2005. 

The ability to gasify different types of coal including low-rank coal and petroleum coke. The carbon conversion is over 98%. The amount of sulfur, oxygen, and ash in the coal does not significantly impact the Shell gasification process. 

The Shell Gasification Process (SGP) for liquid and gaseous feeds has a down-flow, refractory-lined configuration. Syngas cooling is performed exclusively with a steam raising heat exchanger. 

A gas with an H /CO ratio of about 2 can be produced very competitively by non-catalytic autothermal partial oxidation, for example the Shell Gasification Process (SGP) (see Table 1). Such gas is particularly suitable for the production of high-quality middle distillates which are (iso)paraffinic in nature. For the manufacture of these products little or no adjustment of the H2/CO ratio is required, consequently giving a high overall process efficiency. In the case of paraffinic middle distillate production there is a net formation of water, as illustrated by the following reactions ... 

Partial oxidation is another important method to convert the petroleum feedstocks to methane rich synthetic gas [20], There are three well-developed commercial processes available in the market the Shell Gasification Process (SGP), the Texaco Gasification Process (TGP), and the Ube Process. In the following text a description of the SGP is presented and this process is compared with the TGP. A description of the Ube process is not included. 

---