Seven transmembrane receptors

Screening. See High-throughput screening Second messenger systems calcium ion, 83 description of, 24 production of, 25f Series hyperbolae, 38 Serotonin, 150, 151 f Seven transmembrane receptors, 3-4 Shennong Herbal, 147 Short interfering RNA duplex molecules, 184... 

Lu ZL, Saldanha JW, Hulme EC (2002) Seven-transmembrane receptors crystals clarify. Trends Pharmacol Sci 23 140-146... 

Pierce KL, Premont RT, Lefkowitz RJ. Seven-transmembrane receptors. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2002 3(9) 639-650. 

Hirai, H., et al (2001). Prostaglandin D2 selectively induces chemotaxis in T helper type 2 cells, eosinophils, and basophils via seven-transmembrane receptor CRTH2. J. Exp. Med. 193, 255-61. 

Pierce, K.L., Premont, R.T. and Lefkowitz, R.J. (2002) Seven-transmembrane receptors. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 3,639-650. 

The structural analysis of membrane-associated peptides comprises two steps (a) the elucidation of the three-dimensional fold of the peptide and (b) the determination of the membrane-peptide interface. We will use our results gained for the 36 amino acid residue neuropeptide Y (NPY) [83] to demonstrate the approaches that can be used. NPY regulates important pharmacological functions such as blood pressure, food intake or memory retention and hence has been subject of many investigations (for a review see Ref. [84]). It targets the so-called Y receptors that belong to the class of seven transmembrane receptors coupled to G-proteins (GPCRs). 

The common feature of this superfamily (there are many different families and subtypes of receptors in this group) of receptors is that there are seven domains that cross the cell membrane (Fig. 2.6). These seven transmembrane receptors are often referred to as serpentine receptors. 

Lefkowitz, R. J. (2004) Historical review a brief history and personal retrospective of seven-transmembrane receptors. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 25, 413 22. 

Hoyer D, Martin G (1997) 5-HT receptor classification and nomenclatm-e towards a harmonization with the himian genome. Neuropharmacology 36 419-428 Hynes M, Ye W, Wang K, Stone D, Murone M, Sauvage F, Rosenthal A (2000) The seven-transmembrane receptor smoothened cell-autonomously induces multiple ventral cell types. Nat Neurosci 3 41-46... 

Receptors are macromolecules of peptidic structure (a three-dimensionally arranged sequence of amino acids) that are predominantly located within cell membranes. One common structural form is the so-called seven-transmembrane receptor, which consists of seven domains located within the membrane plus an extracellular (top of Fig. 4.3) and an intracellular (bottom of Fig. 4.3) part. Within the receptor molecule there is also a specific binding pocket (not shown in the figure) for a message molecule (a neurotransmitter or any other ligand) and this part of the three-dimensionally arranged receptor molecule is named the binding site. 

Keywords Seven transmembrane receptor, calcium-sensing receptor, calcium homeostasis,... 

Elling, C. E., Frimurer, T. M., Gerlach, L., Jorgensen, R., Holst, B. and Schwartz, T. W. (2006). Metal ion site engineering indicates a global toggle switch model for seven-transmembrane receptor activation. J. Biol. Chem. 281, 17337-17346. 

Troemel E. R., Chou J. H., Dwyer N. D., Colbert H. A. and Bargmann C. I. (1995). Divergent seven transmembrane receptors are candidate chemosensory receptors in C. elegans. Cell 83, 207-218. 

Mukoyama, M., Nakajima, M., Horiuchi, M., et al. 1993. Expression cloning of type 2 angiotensin II receptor reveals a unique class of seven-transmembrane receptors. J Biol Chem 268 24539-24542. 

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven transmembrane receptors (7TMs), are the largest known superfamily of proteins. They are involved in all types of responses to stimuli, from intercellular communication to the senses of vision, taste, and smell. They respond to diverse ligands ranging from photons (e.g., rhodopsin. Fig. 1) to small molecules (e.g., binding of epinephrine to the f52-adrenergic receptor) and... 

Shenoy SK. Seven-transmembrane receptors and ubiquitination. Circ. Res. 2007 100 1142-1154. 

How do our sensory systems work How are the initial stimuli detected How are these initial biochemical events transformed into perceptions and experiences We have previously encountered systems that sense and respond to chemical signals—namely, receptors that bind to growth factors and hormones. Our knowledge of these receptors and their associated signal-transduction pathways provides us with concepts and tools for unraveling some of the workings of sensory systems. For example, 7TM receptors (seven-transmembrane receptors, Section 15.1) play key roles in olfaction,... 

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