Serum lipids compounds

Dietary consumption of polyphenols is associated with a lower risk of degenerative diseases. In particular, protection of serum lipids from oxidation, which is a major step in the development of arteriosclerosis, has been demonstrated. More recently, new avenues have been explored in the capacity of polyphenols to interact with the expression of the human genetic potential. The understanding of the interaction between this heterogeneous class of compounds and cellular responses, due either to their ability to interplay in the cellular antioxidant network or directly to affect gene expression, has increased. 

The study authors noted that the general trend of these serum lipid changes and the attendant increases in liver size are significantly similar to the effects observed after exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (see also ATSDR 1992), thus implicating the monoesters or subsequent metabolites, rather than the diesters, as the active compounds inducing these effects. 

Akaike et al. have examined the neuroprotective properties of serofendic acid, a substance isolated from serum. The compound was found to protect neuronal cells from both glutamate and NO. This was attributed to the scavenging of OH radicals (from the decomposition of ONOO-) rather than NO itself.320 Indeed, Ueda and colleagues have demonstrated the formation of both NO and OH in neuronal cells upon stimulation of the NMDA receptor.321 These workers also trapped lipid radicals in the brains of rats undergoing seizures induced by the stimulation of a subset of glutamate receptors with kainic acid. Polyphenols have been shown to exacerbate the neurotoxicity of NO.322... 

Quantitative infrared spectroscopic analysis can be carried out on blood serum to determine the relative amounts of lipid that are present. Triglycerides, phospholipids and cholesteryl esters are the classes of lipid which occur in blood serum. These compounds occur naturally in concentrations which make infrared analysis attractive, and the necessary preliminary separation is simple. These classes of compounds can be characterised using infrared spectroscopy by their carbonyl bands. The peak maxima are as follows ... 

Eugenol and methyl eugenol are the main compounds of the essential oil of Ocimum sanctum L., which are able to decrease serum lipids. 0. sanctum leaves oil is used for the measurement of the antioxidative and antihyperlipidamic properties in rats, which were on cholesterol diet. Lipid peroxide concentration was assessed in TABRS assay, and it was found for this essential oil to decrease TBA levels in heart and liver. In heart tissue, it is also shown for the oil to exert a decreasing effect on SOD and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) without effecting CAT. On the other hand GPx, SOD, and CAT were not impacted in liver tissue (Suanarunsawat et al., 2010). 

Cloflbrate and related compounds have been used extensively as lipid lowering agents in patients with various forms of Iqrperlipemia and atherosclerosis. In addition to lowering serum lipid levels, these compounds have been reported to affect all three aspects of the problem of thrombosis being considered in this review. Two recent reports further describe the ability of these compounds to decrease FA in hyperlipemic patients. 27,28... 

Absorption kinetic studies on fasted rats dosed by lipid-emulsion gavage revealed rapid appearance of triehloroethylene in the blood (typieally peaking at 15 minutes post-exposure) followed by rapid disappearance (Templin et al. 1993). Rats similarly dosed with radiolabelled trichloroethylene showed rapid serum albumin adduction which peaked at 4-8 hours, then decayed with a half-life consistent with that of albumin itself (Stevens et al. 1992). However, some of the detected radioactivity may have been due to trichloroethylene metabolites rather than the parent compound. 

Toxic compounds polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, organochlorine pesticides, chlorinated pesticides, dioxins, veterinary drug residues, hormone residues, aflatoxins, toxic compounds in shellfish. Compoimds of nutritional significance in foods vitamins, fat, lipids, carbohydrates, protein, energy-calorific value, proximates, dietary fibre, ash. Other compounds hormones in blood serum... 

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