Serum albumin conjugates

Miyake et al reported an ELISA method for the determination of pesticide residues in the aquatic environment. The polyclonal antibody and three monoclonal antibodies of acifluorfen were prepared by immunization of rabbits and mice with acifluorfen-bovine serum albumin conjugates. The polyclonal antibody reacted with acifluorfen at concentrations of 1.5-800 mg L , while the monoclonal antibodies reacted with acifluorfen at concentrations of 1.5-144 mg L . Among three monoclonal antibodies, AF 75-144 reacted with chlornitrofen, which did not react with the other two antibodies. It seems that the ELISA method is effective for the determination of herbicide residues in the aquatic environment. 

Park, H.-S., Kin, H-Y, Nahm, D-H, Son, J-J, and Kim, Y-Y, Specific IgG, but not specific IgE, antibodies to toluene diisocyanate-human serum albumin conjugate are associated... 

Preparation of Antiserum The barbiturate-bovine-serum-albumin conjugate is duly emulsified with an equal volume of complete Freund s adjuvant and New Zealand albino rabbits are subsequently im-... 

A. Matsushima, H. Sasaki, Y. Kodera, Y. Inada, Reduction of Immunoreactivity of Bovine Serum Albumin Conjugated with Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) in Relation to Its Esterase Activity , Biochem. Int. 1992, 26, 485-490. 

The metabolic fate of the benzylpenicillin-human serum albumin conjugate was studied in rats [149]. The conjugate was taken up by the liver, where it underwent enzymatic cleavage to form benzylpenicilloic acid. Thus, the benzylpenicilloic acid excreted in urine may be formed either by direct hydrolysis of the /3-lactam ring, or by catabolism of protein conjugates formed in vivo. 

This report describes the development of a radioimmunoassay (RIA) for one of the major PSP (saxitoxin, la) which is based on our successful production of antibodies to a stable saxitoxin derivative-bovine serum albumin conjugate. The application of the RIA to the analysis of PSP contaminated clam extracts and the problems which must be addressed in the development of a routine immunoassay for the PSP are discussed. 

Beyond polyclonal antibodies, monoclonal antibodies to isoxazolyl penicillins were recently produced by immunization of mice with a cloxacillin-human serum albumin conjugate prepared by a mixed anhydride procedure (35). Sensitivity and specificity of these antibodies were tested in an indirect ELISA in which a cloxacillin-glucose oxidase conjugate prepared by an activated ester procedure served as a coating agent. It was found diat die prepared antibodies could be... 

In each of these methods, undiluted serum, urine, acid-deproteinized milk, or a buffered saline extract of muscle was mixed with sulfamethazine-horseradish peroxidase and added to antibody-coated wells of a microtiter plate. A sulfamethazine-bovine serum albumin conjugate prepared by the glutaraldehyde procedure (56) was used for antibody production. Results showed that screening of serum was of value since sulfamethazine concentrations in serum directly correlated with those in swine tissues. Thus, for example, a level of 100 ppb of sulfamethazine in... 

In another method for the determination of sulfamethazine in muscle and liver tissues (59), the extraction problem was successfully addressed by applying a matrix solid-phase dispersion procedure for rapid and efficient purification of the tissue extracts. Determination was made by ELISA on the basis of antibodies raised against sulfamethazine-diazo-bovine serum albumin conjugates. 

Antiserum specific for the biologically more active X-pentazocine has been produced in rabbits using an -pentazocine-2 -carboxymethyl ether-bovine serum albumin conjugate. A low 0.08 cross-reactivity was found for [Pg.391]

Bovine Serum Albumin Conjugates of Mono- and Di-saccharides Corresponding to O-Specific Polysaccharides of Salmonella ... 

Human Serum Albumin Conjugates of Tetra-, Octa-, Dodeca-, and Hexadeca-saccharide Fragments of the O-Specific Polysaccharide of Shigella dysenteriae Type l163... 

X = KLH (keyhole limpet hemocyanin) conjugate X = BSA (bovin serum albumin) conjugate... 

Figure 8. Standard curves generated using antisera raised to 5 -carboxy- 9-THC-bovine serum albumin conjugate...

Figure 1. Conjugation reactions used in the production of THC-bovine serum albumin conjugates. Ptn is the symbol for the protein.

Dextran conjugated to fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate (dextran-FITC, m.w. 20-2000 kDa, 0.009 mol FITC per mole glucose) is used at a final concentration of 0.2 iM. Bovine serum albumin conjugated to fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate (BSA-FITC) containing 12 mol FITC per mole albumin (m.w. 66 kDa) is applied at 1-10 iMconcentration. Dye-conjugated probes are dialyzed before use against the exposure medium. Propidium iodide (PI) is used at a final concentration... 

Aaltonen et al. (61) compared RRA and RIA for atropine. These workers obtained preparations of receptor from rat brain and lyophilized them to a stable, dry form, They used the tritium-labeled quinuclidinyl benzilate at 35 Ci/mmol. The affinity constant was 0.48 nM, and by analysis of 25- xL serum samples they could obtain a sensitivity down to 1.25 ng/mL in serum. Nonspecific binding was again quite reasonable (4%) and a filtration-type separation was used. The d isomer of an atropine did not bind, and therefore, the cross-reaction of the d,l compound was 50% that of the ( isomer. For comparison they used RIA developed by the method of Virtanen et al, (37). The immunogen was an /-hyoscyamine-bovine serum albumin conjugate, but the antiserum was sensitive to both d,l and I isomers. Racemic tritium-labeled atropine was used as the radioligand. 

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