Separator Gemini

Aries Calcination, the tribe of Gad, The Emperor Taurus Congelation, the tribe of Simeon, The Hierophant Gemini Fixation, the tribe of Ephraim, The Lovers Cancer Separation, the tribe of Zebulon, The Chariot... 

PEM technology was originally developed as part of the Gemini space program.16 In a PEM electrolyzer, the electrolyte is contained in a thin, solid ion-conducting membrane rather than the aqueous solution in the alkaline electrolyzers. This allows the H+ ion (proton) or hydrated water molecule (HsO+) to transfer from the anode side of the membrane to the cathode side, and separates the hydrogen and oxygen... 

Figure 4. Comparison of the phase diagrams determined from the refractive index measurements with that obtained by the visual method. The weight fraction w is the concentration variable. Empty symbols are used, when the compositions are estimated from refractive index data (Cemim+BFJ in 1-butanol (A), 1-pentanol (y), 2-butanol (0), and 2-pentanol (<)), full symbols, when the data are obtained by the visual method observing the separation temperature in samples of different composition (Gemini+ in water ( ), 1-propanol (O). 1-butanol (A), 2-butanol (y), 1-pentanol (0), 2-pentanol (<), and 1-hexanol (>)).

A gemini surfactant is a dimeric molecule consisting of two hydrophobic tails and two head groups, linked together with a short spacer [14]. This is illustrated below for a molecule containing two cationic head groups (separated by two methylene groups) with two alkyl chains ... 

Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. developed a process called Gemini Hyco that recovers and purifies carbon monoxide (CO) for use as a chemical feedstock, or separates hydrogen and CO into individual high purity products from synthesis gas streams using an adsorption process. Figure 3.41 shows a schematic of this process [61]. 

In case of a two-domain non-merohedral twin, two orientation matrices must be determined. The programs DIRAX (Duisenberg, 1992) and GEMINI (Sparks, 1997 Bruker-AXS, 1999) take into account that only a certain fraction of the reflections will fit an individual solution. As a result, a list of possible solutions is presented. If a solution is accepted, all the reflections that do not fit this first solution are placed in a new reflection list to re-run the cell determination process. After the determination of both orientation matrices the twin law can be calculated in a separate step ... 

A micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatographic (MECC) method to separate 17 dihydroergotoxines, aci-alkaloids, and oxidation products has been described [103]. The authors used novel cationic dimeric (Gemini) surfactants such as l,3-bis(dodecyl-W,N-dimethyl ammonium)-2-propanol and l,3-bis(te-tradecyl-N,N-dimethyl ammonium)-2-propanol for the separation in less than 8 min. 

Perfluorosulphonic Nation membrane separators are used in direct contact with electrodes as solid polymer electrolytes (SPE) in fuel cells . In this case, the membrane is both the electrolyte and the separator. The use of perfluorosulphonic membranes as SPE started 30 years ago with the US space program Gemini and the realization of low temperature H2/O2 SPE fuel cells. Since then, the feasibility of operating the SPE fiiel cells on hydrogen/halogen couples has been demonstrated. In addition, the introduction of perfluorinated membranes for use in water and brine electrolysis and more recently in organic synthesis has taken place . 

Molecular weights of the polymer were estimated by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) using Waters Associates 2690 Separations Module equipped with a coliunn heater, ultrastyragel coliunns with pore sizes of 10 -10 A, inline degasser, and a differential refractometer. A flow rate of 1.0 mL/min was used, and the eluent was THE Polystyrene standards pmchased from American Polymer Standards were used for calibration piuqjoses. The 200-MHz H NMR spectra were recorded on a Varian Gemini 200 spectrometer with deuterated chloroform as the solvent. 

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