Separation taxonomy

In Table 3.2, a number of factors are listed that were not used as separate levels in the CCPS taxonomy because of assumptions made by the CCPS Subcommittee. The analyst must, wherever possible, try to assess the validity of these assumptions for the particular situation and establish if the equipment represented by the data ... 

Using numerical taxonomy it was found that the best separations were obtained by chloroform-methanol-(98-100 per cent) formic acid (44.1 3 2.35) and n-hexane-ethyl acetate-glacial acetic acid (31 14 5, v/v) as mobile phases. As the flavonoid profile of the propolis samples showed considerable differences, the method has been proposed for the authenticity test and traceability of various propolis products [141]. 

M. Medic-Saric, G. Stanic and I. Bosnjak, The use of information theory and numerical taxonomy methods for evaluating the quality of thin-layer chromatographic separations of flavonoid constituents of matricariae flos. Pharmazie 56 (2001) 156-159. 

In B.C. they are usually separated distributionally, but intermediate forms occur in intermediate localities. In Japan they may be temporally separated.The allocation of Gymnodinium breve to Ptychodiscus depends on the presence of a pellicle. Although not seen with TEM it can be seen with light microscopy. Geographic distribution is closely linked to taxonomy for, although some toxin producers appear to be endemic in a restricted sense, closely similar forms occur elsewhere (e.g.p, brevis) or the same species may be known by different names in different regions ( Gyrodinium aureolum ). 

As seen in Figure 6.3, the taxonomy used for chondrites is a combination of chemical group and petrologic type, as in H4 or 2. This system avoids the problems of previous chondrite classifications, by cleanly separating primary and secondary characteristics. 

With increasingly networked, distributed computer systems the risk of deliberate malicious interactions, using software-based tools, became a serious threat. Many-fold related issues like data protection, privacy, integrity, authenticity, and denial of service attacks, viruses, worms etc. lead to a separate community to be established, which is nowadays in the main focus of the public as was safety some time ago (and still is—but only after catastrophic events). This community developed separate standards, methods, taxonomy and ways of thinking. 

Clearly, a complete classification of separations would require an accounting based on similarities and differences in many properties. In taxonomy, this would be termed a polythetic classification, as opposed to monothetic classifications based on only one property. Monothetic classifications are not necessarily erroneous—they are simply incomplete. In a complex field such as separations, many monothetic classifications exist, each one different, each with an element of validity, but each incomplete. 

The focus on general taxonomy is made here to explain to the reader the reasons for the many different logical systems for classifying separations in the literature. The approaches range from the simple and traditional division into equilibrium and rate processes by Karger et al. [3] to the historically important classification of driving forces and resistive forces by Strain et al. [4]. We note also a contribution to classification by Rony [5] and an important study by Lightfoot and his co-workers [6]. Many other authors have discussed the matter [7-12]. 

Strictly speaking, I should not speak of two different conceptual schemes here. First, the sets of concepts we have here zebra and zebra zebralope are far too small to be called schemes. Second, if we suppose that we have here two comprehensive zoological taxonomies which differ only at this point, they just do not differ enough to count as separate schemes. They should be called perhaps two variants of the same scheme. I use the word scheme for the sake of convenience. In fact, nothing in the ensuing discussion presupposes that what we contrast here are conceptual schemes. The term may be replaced here by completely unloaded expressions like set of concepts or conceptual resources . 

A rapid and inexpensive identification method has been established to separate the seven species routinely on the basis of morphological and physiological differences [371]. The new taxonomy must be applied to epidemiological surveys before one can conclude whether all seven Malassezia species have clinical importance. 

The proteins separated by SDS-PAGE with MWs ranging from 10,000 Da to 100,000 Da were identified as adenoviral proteins from the SwissProt database when searched against all taxonomy. The results were summarized in Table 19-7. 

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