Separation of Phosphates

Sodium pyro- and orthophosphates, ortho- and hypophosphites have been separated. 

Standard samples 1 each of 0.1 M solutions of Na2H2P207, NaH2P04, NaH2P03 and NaH2P02. 

Solvent Methanol-conc. NH4OH-10% trichloroacetic acid-water (50 + 15 + 5 + 30). 

Detection Blue spots were yielded by sprayiug the dried chromatograms first with 1 % aqueous ammonium molybdate and then with 1 % stannous chloride in 10% HCl. The blue may appear rather later with hypophosphite. 

Clesceri and Lee [6] separate ortho- and pyrophosphate on cellulose layers using the solvent dioxan-distilled water-trichloroacetic acid-conc. NH4OH (67 + 27.5 + 5 g + 0.25) the order of migration distances is  

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Fig. 1 A) Separation of phosphates and phosphonic acids B) absorption plots of track 5 and track 8. PjOl (1), PjOio (2), P20t (3), POl (4), mixture 1 (5), aminotrimethylene-phosphonic acid (6), l-hydroxyethane-l,l-diphosphonic acid (7), mixture II (8).

Applications GC-IMS is applied only in a few laboratories. Most applications have been directed toward environmental analyses. GC-IMS is used in niche areas, such as high-speed air-quality monitoring (on board space stations) and detecting chemical warfare agents. Snyder et al. [319] have described a hyphenated field-portable hand-held GC-IMS device, which was applied to the separation of phosphate (TMP, TEP)/phosphonate (DMMP, DEMP, DIMP, DEEP) mixtures. A mixture of four phosphonate analytes can be successfully resolved with a small GC-IMS device in under 8 s. 

Aoki, S., Jikiba, A., Takeda, K., Kimura, E. A zinc(II) complex-conjugated polymer for selective recognition and separation of phosphates, J. Phys. Org. Chem. 17 (2004), 489 - 497. 

The problems associated with the separation of phosphate esters are the tendency of the spots to diffuse difficulty of reproducing RF values variability of RF values with complexity of the mixture being resolved and distance of solvent travel proper purification and equilibration of the filter paper effect of inorganic ions in natural mixtures and the choice of suitable solvent mixtures for desired separations. The problem of detecting the separated spots is somewhat simpler. In addition to methods applicable to the detection of reducing sugars (e.g., use of aniline salts fructose esters are detected by naphthoresorcinol-acid), methods depending on phosphomolybdate formation are most commonly used. Hanes and Isher-... 

Tanaka and Ishizuki [8] have investigated the possibility of determining orthophosphate in waste waters by ion exclusion chromatography on a cation exchange resin in the H+ form by elution with acetone water. They discuss optimal conditions for the separation of phosphate from chloride, sulphate, carbonate, etc. which are always present in waste water and sewage samples. 

With Molybdate.—Precipitation of phosphate in nitric acid solution by means of ammonium molybdate serves not only as a qualitative test, but also for the quantitative separation of phosphate in a preliminary or even final manner. Insoluble phosphates are previously dissolved in nitric acid, while the phosphoric acids are nearly neutralised with ammonia and then acidified with nitric acid. The nitric acid solution of ammonium molybdate (8 per cent.) is added hot, the mixture boiled and the precipitate collected on a filter. The precipitate may now be treated in various ways... 

Runeckles, V. C. and Krotkov, G. (1957). The Separation of Phosphate Esters and Other Metabolites. Arch Biochem Biophys 70 442. 

If the precipitate is yellow phosphate and/or arsenite may be present and arsenate is absent. The scheme described in Table V.31 provides for the separation of phosphate, arsenate, and arsenite. 

Table V.31 Separation of phosphate, arsenite, and arsenate Dissolve the residue C (1), which may contain Ag3P04, Ag3As04 and Ag3As03, by pouring 10-15 ml 2m HC1 repeatedly through it. Filter and wash with 5 ml of 01m HC1.

High-pressure chromatographic separation of phosphates such as glycerophosphates has been achieved using an ammonium formate eluent containing tetraborate. An amino-acid analyser has been used to estimate L-amino-ethylphosphonic acid. ... 

The ionizable phosphate group present in organic phosphorus species provides the basis for separation by anion exchange chromatography. This approach has been applied to the separation of phosphate, inositol phosphates, organic condensed phosphates, nucleic acids, nucleoside phosphonates, phospholipids and other organic phosphorus species. 

Bieleski, R.L. Separation of phosphate esters by thin-layer chromatography and electrophoresis. Anal. Biochem. 1965,... 

Pradip, Rai, B., Rao, T. K., Sathish, P, and Sandhya, K. 2005a. Indian Patent Grant 227499. Selective separation of phosphate minerals from other minerals, using aminotiis (methylenephosphonic acid), and diethylenetriaminepentakis (methylenephosphonic acid) as depressants. 

Tanaka et al. [7-9] have reported that the separation of phosphate from chloride, sulphate and several condensated phosphates (pyro-... 

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