Separate inputs

Related examples are known [60-64], including a case [64] which operates in nanospaces 3 nm in diameter [65]. The latter were built up from simpler YES gates which operate in the same small milieu [66]. 

A way to exploit fluorophores for AND logic action is to use them as components of self-assembled systems, e.g. detergent micelles [68]. Aqueous micelles made from Triton X-100 contained the hydrophobic proton receptor 24 and the hydrophobic Ca receptor 25. The hydrophobic fluorophore 26, which shows a long-lived excited state [69], was also included in the micelle so that it could be quenched quite efficiently by intermolecular PET from 24 and 25. While it is true that intramolecular PET is faster, this pseudointramolecular system created within the micelle of about 5 nm radius [70] limited the separation distances between the components 24, 25 and 26 to allow significant PET processes. Addition of H and Ca at sufficient concentration arrested both PET pathways to enhance fluorescence of 26 by a factor of 2.4. It has to be noted that this FE factor is quite modest. 

Gate 28 [73] by James neatly targets and F together. 28 has a bormiic acid moiety to capture F which facilitates the complexation of the benzocrown ether with due to electrostatic attraction. The binding of each receptor to its target cuts off a PET process so that strong fluorescence is produced when the K F imi pair is encountered. 

Maligaspe and D Souza used the crown-appended porphyrin-Zn(II) 29 com-plexed to Ceo-appended imidazole 30 via the metal centre and bound to Ceo-attached ammonium ion 31 via the crown as the starting state of the device [74]. The fluorescence of the porphyrin-Zn(II) unit was heavily quenched due to PET from it to the Cgo moieties. If this ternary complex 29/30/31 was treated with imidazole as inputA, 30 was displaced, thus ridding the one PET pathway which ruined its fluorescence. However, the PET pathway involving 31 was still around [75]. Similarly, treatment of 29/30/31 with K as inputs displaced 31 but fluorescence was not recovered owing to the continued presence of 30 [76]. It was only when imidazole and K+ were both simultaneously present that 29 was freed from the shackles to 30 and to 31. Strong red fluorescence was the upshot. 

Magri s 32 [77] is an AND logic gate with a fluorescence output driven by redox and H inputs. Like the amine unit, the tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) unit serves as a 

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Also, for this option, several levels can be observed concerning the integration of the airflow model. The lowest level of integration still requires separate input for the thermal and the airflow model respectively with a high degree of redundancy in the input parameters (e.g., zones must be input for both models), and the connectivity of the airflows and the zones in the thermal model must be established manually by the user. More sophisticated levels have reduced redundancy and automatic establishment of the link connectivity. 

The multizone airflow model COMIS is adapted as a TRNSYS type, to be used in combination with the TRNSYS Type 56 thermal multizone building model. Input is somewhat redundant. Separate input files are necessary for the thermal model and the ventilation model, but not for meteorological and link schedules. 

You can specify a different temperature, pressure, and/or set of isotopes for the thermochemical analysis by specifying the Readlsolopes option to the Frecj keyword in the route section. Values for all parameters must then be specified in a separate input section following the molecule specification—and separated from it by a blank line. 

Note that the separate input sections are separated from one another by blank lines. These blank lines are inserted automatically into input files created with the Job Entry window in the Windows version and need not be entered by the user. If you choose to create a Gaussian input file using an external Windows editor, however, you must follow the same rules for input as under other versions of Gaussian. 

Each atom in the molecule is described on a separate input line within the Z-matrix. As we consider the procedure for creating a Z-matrix, we ll use hydrogen peroxide as an example. These are the steps to do so ... 

Figure 4.37 Synthesis trees for Reppe synthesis of cyclooctatetraene (a) treating each molecule of acetylene as a separate input (b) treating all 4 acetylene molecules as a single input.

Leatherface allows definition of atom types that can be used to specify more complex SMARTS patterns. This is done in a separate input file and can lead to a more readable specification of substructure. Neutral aliphatic amines can be defined as follows ... 

A greater understanding of the MM2 program is needed to implement the new -2 option for the dihedral driver. In MM2, a temporary file stores the coordinates at the end of each optimization for use as starting positions for the next optimization. The procedures that create these files had to be changed. An alternative to modification of MM2, used previously (3.), was to create separate input files for each ( ), P conformation of interest. This allowed use of the standard driver with a 0 increment size. Special programs could be used to prepare all of the input files. The check of... 

Figure 7 shows the structures of the ion optics with the ionization chamber on the left and the entrance of the mass-analyzer on the right, which are described in the next section. The arrangement and shape of these structures were also computed via ion trajectory simulations. A result is shown in Fig. 8. At an extraction voltage (IE) of -25 V and separator input voltage (WFP) of 0 V an ion focus voltage (IFO) of 67 V generates the highest ion yield for the separator.

Figure 3.4 Hierarchical control relies on separate, but coordinated, fast and slow controllers, designed on the basis of the respective reduced-order models, to compute the values of the separate inputs that influence the fast and slow dynamics of the process. Tighter coordination between the distributed and supervisory control layers is achieved by using a cascaded configuration.

A different design, an adder potentiostat, is shown in Fig. (lb). The RE is buffered by a voltage follower (VF) and separate input signals U, U2, such as rectangular pulses, ramps, or sine waves can be mixed. Similarly, 1/d in Fig. (la) can be composed of several signals by an adder circuit (not shown). 

The colon, too, triggers an 7EXTRA IGNORED message. Yet it cannot be used to separate INPUT items, so it appears to be some kind of bug (error) in the BASIC language itself. 

The main advance of the chosen model is the possibility of handling detailed reaction mechanisms for investigating the gas phase reactions. There are several reaction mechanisms available for natural gas (methane) combustion including nitrogen chemistry. The mechanism selected for the present model is the GRl-Mechanism V2.11 (49 species, 279 primary reactions). For modeling the gas phase reactions of the furnace described model, the CHEMKIN II software package was used. The generation of the input and output data of the different processes is accomplished with separate input routines. 

Procedural Changes Technology Changes Chemical Separations Input Material Changes Product Changes... 

In Figure 15.2.3, we consider a circuit in which three different voltage sources e, e, and 3 supply three input currents i, ii, and 3 to the summing junction, S, through separate input resistors. The feedback arrangement is just as before. Now we write... 

More complicated vehicles or penetrant delivery systems will require a separate input function to be added to the model. Because of the passive nature of the stratum corneum barrier (.3), we may relate k to the substrate s diffusion coefficient (D ) through this outermost skin layer. Hence, in turn, k can be shown to be penetrant molecular weight (M) dependent via the Stokes-Elnsteln relationship (4) ... 

The most significant distinction between the two classes of semi-batch process is, therefore, that an emulsion addition process necessarily involves the addition of smfactant throughout the particle growth period during which monomer is added. In the strict definition of a monomer addition process, the surfactant is introduced completely at the outset of the polymerization however, it is more usual for surfactant to be added during the reaction (to ensure colloidal stability as the particles grow), but normally as a separate input stream. 

Fig. C.9 Design 3. Three encapsulated meander-line sheets with dielectric separation. Input impedances for the vertical as well as the horizontal field components.

Inputs - Redundancy, such as 2oo2 and 2oo3, can be employed on the inputs to prevent a single, safe failure of a device or circuit from causing a spurious shutdown. The inputs can also be connected to separate input modules on the logic solver to increase reliability even further. 

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