Selectivity Plots

Hydrophobicity represented by AG° for the transfer of solute from the pure liquid to aqueous solution increases progressively with increasing temperature34>. There is, however, an extremum in the temperature—selectivity plot in some cases (e.g., R2 = i-CsHn, Ph, and p-MeC6H4) l4b,18). it appears that the observed selectivity cannot be explained in terms of hydrophobic interaction. 

In order to investigate the chemical and age properties of the thin and the thick disks separately we have performed the deconvolution of their velocity distributions. We show that about 25% of the sample has kinematics typical of the thick disk, adopting for its parameters V ag = — 51km s 1 and (<7u, v, w) = (63, 39, 39) km s-1. Stars having a probability higher than 80% to belong to the thin and thick disks were selected. Plots on Fig.l show nicely the... 

T°nffcLthiS dlSplay problem we wi add a second y-axis. One y-axis will be used for the voltage trace and the second y-axis will be used for the current trace. The advantage of this arrangement is that the two y-axes can have different scales. To add another y-axis, select Plot and then Add Y Axis ... 

We will now create a second plot. Select Plot and then Add Plot to Window ... 

JSnthAai wnnlyw d tr3Ce iS Pla d °" 1116 8616016(1 plot We can add more P ts to this page if we wish. Select Plot and then Add Plot to Window. A third plot will be added to the window ... 

We can place text on the screen by using the menus or by using the button bar. We will first use the menus. Select Plot and then select Label ... 

Since we just moved cursor 1, it is the active cursor. To label the coordinates of the active cursor, select Plot, Label, and then Mark. The coordinates will be displayed on the screen ... 

Once you set up the trace properties to your liking, you can save the settings for all future uses of Probe. From the menus, select Plot and then Axis Settings ... 

Mark the point on the screen by selecting Plot, Label, and then Mark from the Probe menus ... 

To plot the upper 3 dB bandwidth versus the parameter RFj/al we must enable the Performance Analysis. From the Probe menus select Plot and then Axis Settings. The dialog box shows the settings for the x-axis ... 

This plot is not too informative when plotted on a linear scale. A log-log plot is much more useful. To change the x-axis to a log scale select Plot and then Axis Settings from the Probe menu ... 

LUTI0I1 The initial condition of the inductor does not need to be specified because PSpice will determine the initial conditions from the circuit. Hi is a current-controlled voltage source. Its voltage is 2000 times the current through R2. To add a second plot in Probe, select Plot and then Add Plot to Window. 

The input should be a sine wave with only one frequency, 1 kHz. To view the frequencies contained in this waveform we need to select the Fourier Processing option. Select Plot and then Axis Settings from the Probe menus. The X AxtS tab is automatically selected ... 

There is only a single spike near 0 Hz, The spike is hard to see because the x-axis ranges from 0 to 120 KHZ. We need to change this scale. Select Plot and then Axis Settings from the Probe menus and specify a range of 0 to 10 kHz ... 

This is what the output looks like versus time. The output is not a perfect sine wave and contains some distortion. To see what frequencies the output waveform contains, we would like to create a second plot that displays the Fourier components of the waveform. Select Plot and then Add Plot to Window to add a second plot to the same window. 

We would like the top plot to display the Fourier components and the bottom plot to display the waveform versus time. For a Fourier plot the x-axis is frequency. For a time plot the x-axis is time. Presently both plots use the same x-axis. To allow the plots to have different x-axes, select Plot and then Unsynchronize X Axis ... 

In the screen capture above the top plot is selected. Follow the procedure outlined previously to select the Fourier processing option for the selected plot (select Plot, Axis Settings, and then FOUffef)-... 

Once again there are some frequency spikes near 0 Hz and we need to change the x-axis range for the top plot to get a better view. Select Plot and then Axis Settings and change the x-axis range of the top plot to OHz to 10kHz ... 

The pulse looks correct. Usually waveforms from a digital circuit have edges close together. If we plot both Vin and Vo on the same graph, the two traces may be hard to distinguish. To see both waveforms clearly, we will add a plot. Select Plot and then Add Plot to Window from the Probe menus. A second plot will appear on the same window. Add the trace V (VO) ... 

Ten traces are shown because the Transient Analysis was run ten times and vyrnj was in each simulation. Next, we will add a plot to make seeing the traces easier. Select Plot followed by Add Plot tO Window, and then add the trace V (VO) ... 

Notice the attribute PUL5E=Un. This attribute determines the pulse width rather than the time constant of R4 and Cl. The results are shown on the following screen capture. To plot traces on different plots, add the first trace, select Plot and then Add Plot to Window to add a new plot add the second trace, select Plot and then Add Plot to Window to add a new plot and then add the third trace. Digital traces are automatically plotted on a separate section of the screen. 

To plot a function like bandwidth, we must use the Performance Analysis. Select Plot and thenAX/5 Settings ... 

We must use the Performance Analysis to plot the information in which we are interested. Select Plot and then Axis Settings to obtain the AXIS Settings dialog box. By default the properties for the x-axis are displayed. Specify Performance Analysis as follows ... 

Figure 7.10 represents the minimal selectivity plot after extraction of sulphisomidine, sulphathiazole, sulphamethizole and... 

Figure 7.8a The response surface of the selectivity Ojj of the extraction of sulphisomidine and sulphathiazole (selectivity plot)...

Preview Starts a preview output using previously selected plot options (see... 

The graphs in Fig. 12 (41, 41a) represent product selectivity plots in which the relative concentrations of products of HDS are plotted against the percentage conversion of the starting material. The lines represent the calculated product distributions for sequences of first-order reactions having... 

The graphs shown in Fig. 12 are selectivity plots developed by assuming first-order behavior for all reactions. It should be mentioned that satisfactory estimation of the various rate constants requires that comparable fits must also be obtained for kinetic plots in which the product composition is plotted against reaction time using all of the rate constants obtained from the selectivity plot. The data discussed in this section satisfy this criterion, as illustrated in Fig. 13. The excellent agreement between the calculated curves and the data clearly demonstrates that all reactions exhibit pseudo-first-order kinetics under a given set of conditions. 

Figure 11.28 The oxygen/nitrogen selectivity plotted against oxygen permeability for polymeric membranes [68] and Co(3-MeOsaltmen)-based facilitated transport membranes [66]...

Figure 13.7 Pure component selectivity plot for the glucose PLS calibration models relative to glucose (circle), sucrose (triangle), and maltose (square).

Figure 2 The selectivity plot of 1,3 butadiene hydrogenation over Pd/Si02- (+ H2 treated sample, x Q2+H2 treated sample, selectivity plots of H2 treated catalyst were interpolated)...

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