Seismic monitoring network

The Seismic Monitoring Network serves primarily to detect underground explosions. One part is the Primary Seismic Network of 50 stations that will send data to the International Data Center continuously and in near real time. Approximately 60% of... 

Designing a volcano-seismic monitoring network is complicated and involves multiple tradeoffs. For the same budget a volcano observatory may be able to install a few digitally telemetred broadband stations or many more analog-telemetered short-period stations. The best choice depends on the goal. 

Seismic Monitoring of Voicanoes, Tabie 2 Some of the best volcano-seismic monitoring networks. The numbers in parentheses indicate number of borehole instruments. All of these networks surpass level 4 as defined in Table 1 of Moran et al. (2008)... 

The Hydroacoustic Monitoring Network will consist of six underwater hydrophone stations and five island-based stations (T-phase stations). The hydrophones will detect signals from underwater explosions that readily propagate to great distances in the ocean sound channel. The less sensitive but much less expensive island stations will detect seismic signals that are generated by a hydroacoustic wave when it strikes an island. Sensitivity in the broad ocean areas (a likely place for a clandestine test) is expected to be far less than 1 kt, with localization to within 1000 km and with a source depth estimate. These capabilities are for events detected by three or more stations. 

Earthworm (http //folkworm.ceri.memphis.edu/ ew-doc/), is the most widely used system for earthquake and volcano-seismic monitoring today. It is an open-source, data acquisition, and earthquake detection framework developed by the US Geological Survey. It comprises of modules that communicate via messages on shared memory rings. It is used in the National Earthquake Information Center, tsunami warning centers, and regional seismic networks. Earthworm is in widespread use at volcano observatories... 

Virtual seismic networks or virtual nets are the type of network where data from seismic stations in different seismic networks are collected and processed as a new virtual seismic network. The virtual seismic networks are often seen in regions in between two or more seismic networks where a joint processing of data from the region will improve the detection capabilities. An example of such virtual seismic network is the Greenland Ice Sheet Monitoring Network (http //www. glisn.info/), where data from nine different seismic networks are collected and processed jointly to improve the detection capability of glacial... 

Tracking Changes in Voicanic Systems with Seismic interferometry, Fig. 1 (a) Regional map of the Aleutian Arc showing the two volcanoes discussed in this entry, Pavlof and Okmok. (b) Local map of Pavlof volcano and the seismic stations in the monitoring network analyzed in this entry... 

IMS will consist of a global network of 321 monitoring stations, as well as 16 laboratories, capable of detecting nuclear explosions worldwide. This network of 170 seismic, 80 radionuclide, 60 infrasound and 11 hydroacoustic stations, as well as 16 radionuclide laboratories—comprising a total of 337 facilities—will supply data for processing and analysis to IDC. 

Seismic activity in the A u area has been monitored over a ten year period from 1987-1997. However, accurate hypocentral information is only available from 1994 to 1997, when a network of three-component digital seismographs were... 

Authors Monitored area Typical distances Seismic network Rate of located events Comer frequency Magni- tude... 

Noise-Based Seismic Imaging and Monitoring of Volcanoes, Fig. 1 Location of (a) La Reunion island, (b) Piton de la Foumaise Volcano, and (c) the UnderVolc and observatory seismic and GPS networks. UnderVolc broadband seismic stations are shown as inverted... 

The application of seismic networks for monitoring slope conditions at open-cast mines has generated abundant data in the event of slope failure. An enormous 65 x 10 m landslide occurred at the Bingham Canyon copper mine in the USA in 2013 (Pankow et al. 2014). In this case, seismometers that detected the event were located between 6 and 400 km. The landslide, classified as a rock avalanche, was actually two closely spaced events. The seismicity was dominated by long-period events with differences between the two episodes only the first one produced a high-amplitude peak near the end of the coda and there was a large difference when the maximum amplitude occurred. 

Gattulli V, Potenza F, Lepidi M, Federici F, Graziosi F, Colarieti A (2015b) Seismic structural monitoring by wireless sensor networks of the Basilica S. Maria di Collemaggio after the transept collapse. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn (in preparation)... 

Measuring of ground motion provides the most essential observations made from earthquakes and the basis for research within seismology and earthquake engineering. The measurements are done by seismic stations that are equipped with sophisticated instruments and are placed at specific selected locations. The good quality of these data is obviously important but can only be achieved if many different factors are considered. Often, the approach is adjusted to the scientific or monitoring needs and the available funding. This section deals with systems of seismic stations, so-called seismic networks and data quality-related issues. 

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