Sterilization seeds

The medium is sterilized, cooled to 24 °C, and inoculated. After 24-hr seed growth, larger fermentors are seeded. Sterile air is sparged through the tank, at about one volume per volume per minute. The time of the production stage varies from 60 to 200 hr. 

Choose healthy plants. Inspect new plants refore introducing them to your yard or garden. Look for signs of disease and insects, and reject any that look suspicious. If available, buy certified disease-free plants and seeds. Inquire about seed sterilization practices at your seed source. Buy from suppliers that use sanitation procedures and heat-sterilizing techniques instead of synthetic chemicals to control disease on nursery stock and seeds. 

Brussels sprouts. 48 problems of, 48 seed sterilization for, 423 BT. See Bacillus thuringiensis BTI.460,474 BTK.459,460 BTSD.460... 

Chinese, soap sprays and, 483 club root and, 54,346,360,399 companion planting and, 419 compost or manure for, 418 crop rotation and,6,415-16,418 culture, 52, 54 cutworm collars and, 442 mulches and, 444 problems of, 53, 54-56 seedling protectors and, 445 seed sterilization for, 423 timed planting and, 422 trap crops and, 440 Cabbage aphids, 269 Cabbage butterflies, viral pathogens for, 461-62... 

Terminator Technology Genetic modification of food crops to produce seed sterility. 

There are other methods of seed sterilization such as incubation in 30 % bleach followed by a series of washes with dH20 however, the seeds must be used right away. With this method, several mbes of seeds (as well as different genotypes) can be sterilized at the same time and if kept sterile can be stored for a maximum of 2 months. Seed sterilization can be done prior to plate preparation. Also, use a pencil rather than marker to label the tubes as the ink will disappear during the sterilization process. This is especially important when sterilizing more than one genotype of seeds at the same time. 

Fig. 5. Fermentative production of amino acids (140). A, pure culture B, inoculation C, boiler D, air compressor E, air filter F, seed tank G, ammonia water for pH control H, fermenter I, sterilizer , culture media K, preparation tank L, centrifugal separator M, ion-exchange column N, crystallizing...

The contents of the seed fermenter were used to inoculate 1,500 liters of steam sterilized medium of the following composition in tap water. 

The spores from an inclined culture of Fusarium lateritium Wr, CSB 119.63 on a gelose medium are extracted with sterilized distilled water to obtain a suspension containing about 600,000 spores per ml. This suspension is then used to seed the medium prepared as earlier described. The contents of the flask are left to incubate at 27°C. Sterile air is injected into the liquid to effect thorough agitation and uniform supply of oxygen into the medium. 

The culture is incubated at a temperature of 28°C in the reactor for 60 hours with mechanicai agitation and constant aeration. The resulting broth is seeded into 600 liters of a sterile culture medium contained in a metal fermenting vat 1,800 liters in capacity and prepared according to the following formulation ... 

The resulting culture liquids were utilized for seeding. 20 ml of the medium having the composition described above were poured into a 500 ml shaking flask and sterilized at 115°C for 10 minutes and five drops of the above seed were added, and then cultured with shaking at 30°C for 65 hours. Thereafter 0.15 g/dl of inosine were accumulated. 

The seed flash was incubated for 24 hours at 32°C on a reciprocating shaker after which it was used as an inoculum for a 20 liter seed fermenter in the amount of approximately 5%. the 20 liter seed fermenter contained a sterile medium consisting of ... 

The above sterilized medium was inoculated with 11 liters of seed inoculum having a bacterial count of approximately 20 billion per cc. The tank was fermented at 37°C without pH adjustment, aeration, or other modification for 14 hours at the end of which time 320 cc of 50% dextrose was added. After this the pH was adjusted to 7.0 at 15 minute intervals with 5.0 N sodium hydroxide. The volume of sodium hydroxide required for neutralization was noted and 115% of this volume of 50% dextrose solution added after each pH adjustment. At the end of about 8 hours the bacterial count had ceased to increase and the fermentation was terminated. At this time the fermentation medium contained approximately 1,000 units of streptokinase per cc. 

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