Seed oils crude triglycerides

As summarized in the review by Clifford (1985b), the terms crude and total lipid refer to substances extracted by a non-polar solvent and may include non-lipid substances such as caffeine. The yield is a function of the extraction method as much as of the composition of the beans. The crude lipid includes the wax coating the coffee bean (0,2-0.3 %), the main constituents of which are the C2o and C22 amides of 5-hydroxytryptamine [l//-indol-5-ol, 3-(2-aminoethyl-), serotonine]. These amides have their importance. As they are possible antioxidants, it has been suggested that premature dewaxing leads to a fall in the bean quality during storage. The major part of the crude lipid is a typical seed oil, with triglycerides of fatty acids, some other esters and unsaponifiable matter. 

Ajowan seed contains generally 8.9% moisture, 15.4% protein, 18.1% fat (ether extract), 11.9% crude fibre, 38.6% carbohydrates, 7.1% mineral matter, 1.42% calcium, 0.30% phosphorus and 14.6mg/100g iron, with a calorific value of 379.4 per 100g. The percentage of seed oil extracted with n-hex-ane is 31.80%, while that with ethanol is 28%. The neutral lipid component of the oil includes hydrocarbons, esters, sterol esters, triglycerides, free fatty acids, diglycerides, sterols and monoglycerides, whereas the polar lipid components are phosphatidyl ethanolamines and phosphatidyl cholines (Qasim and Khan, 2001). 

Basic raw-material processors extract and refine crude oil into petrochemicals such as petroleum oil distillates including paraffins, benzene, and other basic aromatics and extract and convert natural gas into ethylene and propylene. Processors of oleochemicals extract and purify seed oils from palm, soybean, sunflower seed, palm kernel, and coconut, and render animal fats such as tallow to provide triglyceride oils with varying chain distributions. 

Chem. Descrip. ffonoalkyl branched propoxy sulfate 4 moles PO Uses Solubilizer and emulsifier in oil recovery enhancement (mobilizing oils from light to heavy grade crudes), personal care prods., industrial cleaning emulsifier in oil/seed extraction for triglycerides and other hydrophobic oils Features Allows improved solubilization of oily materials in an aq. medium by extending the interface... 

Soy protein concentrates typically contain 70% to 72% crude protein. For example, bacon strips can be made by a texturization processes involving twin screw extrusion (19). The high-protein content yields the protein as the continuous phase. Note that soy beans, like most seeds, also contain some triglyceride oils, important in cooking the final product. 

---