Sediment height and

Sediment height and redispersion As an illustration the results obtained using PEO 20,000 are shown in Fig. 5. This figure shows the variation of sediment height and number of revolutions required for redispersion as a function of PEO concentration, expressed as volume fraction of polymer in the continuous phase,... 

Figure 5. Sediment height and redispersion as a function of PEO 20,000 concentration.

Eor even higher solid concentrations where the particles are in contact with each other, free settling phenomena is replaced by compression or consolidation. The Coe and Clevenger-type design methods are not sufficient. Sediment height and consolidation effect need to be included in the thickener design (Tiller and Tamg 1995). 

As shown for clay [39], the sediment height and therefore the density of the sediment can be measured quantitatively using the separation analyzer LUMiFuge. The results obtained agreed very well with other methods like the JAR-Test, which is not so convenient. 

In particle-size measurement, gravity sedimentation at low soHds concentrations (<0.5% by vol) is used to determine particle-size distributions of equivalent Stokes diameters ia the range from 2 to 80 pm. Particle size is deduced from the height and time of fall usiag Stokes law, whereas the corresponding fractions are measured gravimetrically, by light, or by x-rays. Some commercial instmments measure particles coarser than 80 pm by sedimentation when Stokes law cannot be appHed. 

The colloidal stability of silica Suspensions in the present work was assessed by sediment volumes and from the optical coagulation rate constant. In the first method, 50 mg of silica was dispersed in 5 cm3 polymer solution (concentration 10-2 g cm 3) in a narrow tube and the sediment height found at equilibrium. Coagulation rates of the same systems were found by plotting reciprocal optical densities (500nm, 1cm cell) against time. When unstable dispersions were handled, the coagulation was followed in... 

Capone, D.G., and Slater, J.M. (1990) Interannual patterns of water table height and groundwater derived nitrate in nearshore sediments. Biogeochemistry 10, 277-288. 

In the text it is stated that a molecular weight M of MO6 is necessary for effective operation in sedimentation FFF. We can examine this matter by further considering the system described in 9.6 above. If the two molecules (Af = 106, M = 107) are spherical globules, estimate the plate height and the number of plates in a channel 50.0 cm long. The flow velocity (u) is 1.25 cm/s. 

Examination of the multitude of bed-collapsing curves obtained experimentally led to the recognition of the significance of a number of variables, viz., the difference between the height of the dense phase and the bed height at the critical point (Zc — Zc), which defines the extent of particulate contraction after bubbles have escaped the rate of hindered sedimentation u2 and certain physical properties of the solids and the fluid involved. These factors are... 

The overall operation is comprised of several phases. In the first phase, the adsorbent material is expanded and equilibrated by applying an upward liquid flow to the column. To allow for sufficient contact time and efficient binding of the target molecule, the expansion should be three times that of the sedimented bed ( expansion ratio ), to a height of approximately 50 cm. A stable bed is formed when the adsorbent particles achieve equilibrium between particle sedimentation velocity and upward liquid flow velocity. In the second phase, the sample is applied to the expanded adsorbent. The crude, unclarified protein solution of intact or disrupted biomass is pumped upward on the column. In a well-defined process, the expanded adsorbent will remain stable and will not change its expansion ratio. However, if the... 

Sediment volume and redispersion For sediment volume experiments a 50% w/v suspension was prepared using a 2% w/w of the polymer. 5g of the resulting suspension was added to 5 ml solutions of PEO to cover a wide concentration and the resulting suspension placed in stoppered cylinders and kept in constant temperature cabinets (25 1 C). The sediment height was followed with time for several weeks until equilibrium was reached. At this point the tubes were mechanically Inverted end-over-end and the number of revolutions required for redispersion was noted. 

The amount of deposited sediment is determined by its height and, since the settled volume is not independent of size, eirors are introduced. 

Figure 5. Cave cross-section within Bone Chamber (Level C), showing the location of cave sediment (hatched) and flowstone cap (black), and the position of samples within the cave sediment. Column at right indicates topographic height, as for Fig. 4.

The second step was to examine the effect of particle size on the calibration curve. This step was not possible by sedimentation, because coarser particles have higher settling velocities. Therefore, a liquid-solid fluidized bed was used. A fluidization column was constructed with a 5-cm acrylic pipe. Weighed quantities of solids were used, and solids concentration was varied by changing the liquid flow rate. Measurements for these experiments included voltage, bed height, and temperature. To allow a precise determination of concentration from bed height, narrow sizes of particles were used. 

Analysis of the location and heights of potential leaky fault Juxtaposition windows which arise from variations in (i) the possible depths, geometries and locations of stratigraphic horizons and faults (ii) the difference between the cumulative throw on individual fault zones, indicated from seismic and the most likely size of the throw on the largest real fault in that zone and (iii) the sediment architecture and continuity. The end result should be a probability map of the distribution of sealed and leaky windows along the critical fault zones. 

Penetration of particles into fluid Flotation tests Penetration time Sediment height Critical solid surface energy distribution References R. Ayala, Ph.D. thesis. Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 1985. Fuerstaneau et al. Colloids and Surfaces, 60, 127 (1991). Vargha-Butler et al., in Interfacial Phenomena in Coal Technology, Botsaris Glazman (eds.). Chap. 2, 1989. 

---