Secondary deficiency, definition

Calcium and magnesium deficiency also occur in some patients with the malabsorption syndrome and this may lead to tetany or bone changes. Low blood calcium levels may result from decreased absorption associated with lack of effective compensatory parathyroid activity. In patients in whom secondary hyperparathyroidism is effective, extensive loss of calcium from the bones may occur. The cause of the defective absorption of calcium in patients of the sprue group is complex and not yet fully understood (B3, Dl, Jl, M7, Nl). It is important that complications such as calcium or magnesium deficiency should be corrected before the final steps of definitive diagnosis are attempted. If this is not done, the secondary effects may obscure the results of other tests. 

Allylic hydroperoxides are primary products in the autoxidation of - olefins, and lack of definite information on their reactivity and chemical behavior has hampered efforts to understand olefin oxidation mechanisms (2). This deficiency is most strongly felt in determining the relative rates of addition and abstraction mechanisms for acyclic olefins since assignment of secondary reaction products to the correct primary source is required. Whereas generalizations about the effect of structure on the course of hydroperoxide decompositions are helpful, most questions can be answered better by directly isolating the hydroperoxides involved and observing the products formed by decomposition of the pure compounds. 

A / -D-glucan has been isolated from the cell walls of 3-day-old, mung-bean hypocotyls.76 Extracts of cell walls of older hypocotyls were deficient in this polysaccharide. The glucan contained 3-linked and 4-linked glucopyranosyl residues in the molar ratio of 1.0 1.7. However, the hypocotyl tissue from which the glucan was extracted contained both primary and secondary walls, and therefore, the polymer cannot be definitely characterized as a primary cell-wall component. 

Now, by definition, the distinction among primary, secondary, and tertiary cations is the number of alkyl groups attached to the electron-deficient carbon. The facts are, then, that the greater the number of alkyl groups, the more stable... 

There is definitely an overlap in responses obtained in normd subjects and those obtained in patients with partial thyroid deficiency, even if the number of injections of TSH is reduced. However, failure of the thyroid uptake and total T4 to increase after TSH is strong evidence of primary thyroid disease. In the patients receiving thyroid hormone therapy, a significant response to TSH fairly conclusively excludes underlying thyroid failure unless the patient has been taking this therapy in full doses for many years. The test is probably most useful in distinguishing idiopathic thyroid failure from secondary or pituitary hypothyroidism. 

Trichothecene mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of various fungal species. Structures of some trichothecene mycotoxins of interest to the US ARMY are given in Figure 1. Several methods have been reported for the analysis of these toxins (1-11, 15). Of these, mass spectrometry techniques are both sensitive and definitive when applied to toxicologic and environmental samples. With current technology, the most sensitive and qualitatively definitive analytical technique for the determination of these toxins is derivatization with an electron deficient moiety followed by analysis with negative ion chemical ionization gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (NICI-GC/HS). 

Our knowledge of the mode of action of vitamin D is incomplete, and no precise definition can be given in biochemical terms. It is clear that rickets, as commonly understood, results from a deficiency of vitamin D. The morphologist and the physiologist should have no real difficulty in agreeing that rickets is synonymous with the vitamin D deficiency syndrome, and that this term is intended to include all the primary and secondary effects. 

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